


TERMINFO(5)                File Formats               TERMINFO(5)


NNAAMMEE
       terminfo - terminal capability data base

SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
       @TERMINFO@/*/*

DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
       _T_e_r_m_i_n_f_o  is  a  data  base  describing terminals, used by
       screen-oriented  programs  such  as  _v_i(1),  _r_o_g_u_e(1)  and
       libraries  such  as _c_u_r_s_e_s(3X).  _T_e_r_m_i_n_f_o describes termi-
       nals by giving a set of capabilities which they  have,  by
       specifying how to perform screen operations, and by speci-
       fying padding requirements and initialization sequences.

       Entries in _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o consist of a number of  `,'  separated
       fields.  White space after each `,' is ignored.  The first
       entry for each terminal gives the names  which  are  known
       for  the terminal, separated by `|' characters.  The first
       name given is the most common abbreviation for the  termi-
       nal, the last name given should be a long name fully iden-
       tifying the terminal, and all  others  are  understood  as
       synonyms  for  the  terminal name.  All names but the last
       should be in lower case and contain no  blanks;  the  last
       name  may well contain upper case and blanks for readabil-
       ity.

       Terminal names (except for the last, verbose entry) should
       be chosen using the following conventions.  The particular
       piece of hardware making up the  terminal  should  have  a
       root  name  chosen, thus ``hp2621''.  This name should not
       contain hyphens, except that synonyms may be  chosen  that
       do not conflict with other names.  Modes that the hardware
       can be in, or user preferences,  should  be  indicated  by
       appending  a hyphen and an indicator of the mode.  Thus, a
       vt100 in 132 column mode would be vt100-w.  The  following
       suffixes should be used where possible:

       SSuuffffiixx                 MMeeaanniinngg                  EExxaammppllee
       -w       Wide mode (more than 80 columns)       vt100-w
       -am      With auto. margins (usually default)   vt100-am
       -nam     Without automatic margins              vt100-nam
       -_n       Number of lines on the screen          aaa-60
       -na      No arrow keys (leave them in local)    c100-na
       -_np      Number of pages of memory              c100-4p
       -rv      Reverse video                          c100-rv

CCAAPPAABBIILLIITTIIEESS
       The  variable  is the name by which the programmer (at the
       terminfo level) accesses the capability.  The  capname  is
       the  short  name  used in the text of the database, and is
       used by a person updating the database.  The termcap  code
       is  the old tteerrmmccaapp capability name (some capabilities are
       new, and have names which termcap did not originate).




                                                                1





TERMINFO(5)                File Formats               TERMINFO(5)


       Capability names have no hard length limit, but an  infor-
       mal  limit  of  5 characters has been adopted to keep them
       short and to allow the tabs in the  source  file  ccaappss  to
       line up nicely.  Whenever possible, names are chosen to be
       the same as or similar to the  ANSI  X3.64-1979  standard.
       Semantics are also intended to match those of the specifi-
       cation.

       (P)    indicates that padding may be specified

       (G)    indicates that the string is passed  through  tparm
              with parms as given (#_i).

       (*)    indicates  that  padding may be based on the number
              of lines affected

       (#_i)   indicates the _ith parameter.

        VVaarriiaabbllee             CCaapp--     II..                       DDeessccrriippttiioonn
        BBoooolleeaannss             nnaammee    CCooddee
auto_left_margin,           bw       bw     cub1 wraps from column 0 to last
                                            column
auto_right_margin,          am       am     Terminal has automatic margins
back_color_erase,           bce      ut     screen erased with background color
can_change,                 ccc      cc     terminal can re-define existing colors
ceol_standout_glitch,       xhp      xs     Standout not erased by overwriting
                                            (hp)
col_addr_glitch,            xhpa     YA     only positive motion for hpa/mhpa caps
cpi_changes_res,            cpix     YF     changing character pitch changes resolution
cr_cancels_micro_mode,      crxm     YB     using cr turns off micro mode
eat_newline_glitch,         xenl     xn     newline ignored after 80 cols
                                            (Concept)
erase_overstrike,           eo       eo     Can erase overstrikes with a blank
generic_type,               gn       gn     Generic line type (e.g., dialup,
                                            switch).
hard_copy,                  hc       hc     Hardcopy terminal
hard_cursor,                chts     HC     cursor is hard to see
has_meta_key,               km       km     Has a meta key (shift, sets parity
                                            bit)
has_print_wheel,            daisy    YC     printer needs operator to change character set
has_status_line,            hs       hs     Has extra "status line"
hue_lightness_saturation,   hls      hl     terminal uses only HLS color notation (Tektronix)
insert_null_glitch,         in       in     Insert mode distinguishes nulls
lpi_changes_res,            lpix     YG     changing line pitch changes resolution
memory_above,               da       da     Display may be retained above the
                                            screen
memory_below,               db       db     Display may be retained below the
                                            screen
move_insert_mode,           mir      mi     Safe to move while in insert mode
move_standout_mode,         msgr     ms     Safe to move in standout modes
needs_xon_xoff,             nxon     nx     padding won't work, xon/xoff required
no_esc_ctlc,                xsb      xb     Beehive (f1=escape, f2=ctrl C)
non_rev_rmcup,              nrrmc    NR     smcup does not reverse rmcup




                                                                2





()                                                             ()


no_pad_char,                npc      NP     pad character does not exist
non_dest_scroll_region,     ndscr    ND     scrolling region is non-destructive
over_strike,                os       os     Terminal overstrikes
prtr_silent,                mc5i     5i     printer won't echo on screen
row_addr_glitch,            xvpa     YD     only positive motion for vhp/mvpa caps
semi_auto_right_margin,     sam      YE     printing in last column causes cr
status_line_esc_ok,         eslok    es     Escape can be used on the status line
dest_tabs_magic_smso,       xt       xt     Tabs ruin, magic so char (Teleray
                                            1061)
tilde_glitch,               hz       hz     Hazeltine; can not print ~'s
transparent_underline,      ul       ul     underline character overstrikes
xon_xoff,                   xon      xo     Terminal uses xon/xoff handshaking

NNuummbbeerrss::
bit_image_entwining,        bitwin   Yo     Undocumented in SVr4.0
buffer_capacity,            bufsz    Ya     numbers of bytes buffered before printing
columns,                    cols     co     Number of columns in a line
dot_vert_spacing,           spinv    Yb     spacing of dots horizontally in dots per inch
dot_horz_spacing,           spinh    Yc     spacing of pins vertically in pins per inch
init_tabs,                  it       it     Tabs initially every # spaces
label_height,               lh       lh     rows in each label
label_width,                lw       lw     columns in each label
lines,                      lines    li     Number of lines on screen or page
lines_of_memory,            lm       lm     Lines of memory if > lines.  0 means varies
magic_cookie_glitch,        xmc      sg     Number of blank chars left by smso or rmso
max_colors,                 colors   Co     maximum numbers of colors on screen
max_micro_address,          maddr    Yd     maximum value in micro_..._address
max_micro_jump,             mjump    Ye     maximum value in parm_..._micro
max_pairs,                  pairs    pa     maximum number of color-pairs on the screen
micro_col_size,             mcs      Yf     Character step size when in micro mode
micro_line_size,            mls      Yg     Line step size when in micro mode
no_color_video,             ncv      NC     video attributes that can't be used with colors
number_of_pins,             npins    Yh     numbers of pins in print-head
num_labels,                 nlab     Nl     number of labels on screen
output_res_char,            orc      Yi     horizontal resolution in units per line
output_res_line,            orl      Yj     vertical resolution in units per line
output_res_horz_inch,       orhi     Yk     horizontal resolution in units per inch
output_res_vert_inch,       orvi     Yl     vertical resolution in units per inch
padding_baud_rate,          pb       pb     Lowest baud where cr/nl padding is needed
virtual_terminal,           vt       vt     Virtual terminal number (UNIX system)
width_status_line,          wsl      ws     No. columns in status line

              (The following string capability are  described  in
              the XSI Curses standard.  It was present but undoc-
              umented in SVr4.)

            VVaarriiaabbllee    CCaapp--    II..              DDeessccrriippttiioonn
            BBoooolleeaannss    nnaammee   CCooddee
           get_mouse,   getm   Gm     Curses should get button events

              (The following numeric capabilities are present  in
              the  SVr4.0  term  structure, but are not yet docu-
              mented in the man page.  Comments are from the term
              structure header.)



                                                                3





()                                                             ()


         VVaarriiaabbllee              CCaapp--      II..                          DDeessccrriippttiioonn
         BBoooolleeaannss              nnaammee     CCooddee
bit_image_type,              bitype     Yp     Type of bit-image device
buttons,                     btns       BT     Number of mouse buttons
max_attributes,              ma         ma     Max combined attributes terminal can handle
maximum_windows,             wnum       MW     Max number of definable windows
print_rate,                  cps        Ym     Print rate in chars per second
wide_char_size,              widcs      Yn     Char step size in double wide mode

SSttrriinnggss::
acs_chars,                   acsc       ac     Graphics charset pairs - def=vt100
alt_scancode_esc,            scesa      S8     Alternate esc for scancode emulation (default is vt100)
back_tab,                    cbt        bt     Back tab (P)
bell,                        bel        bl     Audible signal (bell) (P)
bit_image_repeat,            birep      Xy     Repeat bit image cell #1 #2 times (use tparm)
bit_image_newline,           binel      Zz     Move to next row of the bit image (use tparm)
bit_image_carriage_return,   bicr       Yv     Move to beginning of same row (use tparm)
carriage_return,             cr         cr     Carriage return (P*)
change_char_pitch,           cpi        ZA     Change # chars per inch
change_line_pitch,           lpi        ZB     Change # lines per inch
change_res_horz,             chr        ZC     Change horizontal resolution
change_res_vert,             cvr        ZD     Change vertical resolution
change_scroll_region,        csr        cs     Change to lines #1 through #2 (vt100) (PG)
char_padding,                rmp        rP     Like ip but when in insert mode
char_set_names,              csnm       Zy     List of character set names
clear_all_tabs,              tbc        ct     Clear all tab stops (P)
clear_margins,               mgc        MC     Clear all margins (top, bottom, and sides)
clear_screen,                clear      cl     Clear screen and home cursor (P*)
clr_bol,                     el1        cb     Clear to beginning of line
clr_eol,                     el         ce     Clear to end of line (P)
clr_eos,                     ed         cd     Clear to end of display (P*)
code_set_init,               csin       ci     Init sequence for multiple code sets
color_names,                 colornm    Yw     Give name for color #1
column_address,              hpa        ch     Set cursor column (PG)
command_character,           cmdch      CC     Term. settable cmd char in prototype
cursor_address,              cup        cm     Screen rel. cursor motion row #1
                                               col #2 (PG)
cursor_down,                 cud1       do     Down one line
cursor_home,                 home       ho     Home cursor (if no cup)
cursor_invisible,            civis      vi     Make cursor invisible
cursor_left,                 cub1       le     Move cursor left one space
cursor_mem_address,          mrcup      CM     Memory relative cursor addressing
cursor_normal,               cnorm      ve     Make cursor appear normal (undo vs/vi)
cursor_right,                cuf1       nd     Non-destructive space (cursor right)
cursor_to_ll,                ll         ll     Last line, first column (if no cup)
cursor_up,                   cuu1       up     Upline (cursor up)
cursor_visible,              cvvis      vs     Make cursor very visible
define_bit_image_region,     defbi      Yx     Define rectangular bit image region (use tparm)
define_char,                 defc       ZE     Define character in a character set
delete_character,            dch1       dc     Delete character (P*)
delete_line,                 dl1        dl     Delete line (P*)
device_type,                 devt       dv     Indicate language/codeset support
dis_status_line,             dsl        ds     Disable status line




                                                                4





()                                                             ()


display_pc_char,             dispc      S1     Display PC character
down_half_line,              hd         hd     Half-line down (forward 1/2 linefeed)
ena_acs,                     enacs      eA     enable alternate char set
end_bit_image_region,        endbi      Yy     End bit image region (use tparm)
enter_alt_charset_mode,      smacs      as     Start alternate character set (P)
enter_am_mode,               smam       SA     turn on automatic margins
enter_blink_mode,            blink      mb     Turn on blinking
enter_bold_mode,             bold       md     Turn on bold (extra bright) mode
enter_ca_mode,               smcup      ti     String to begin programs that use cup
enter_delete_mode,           smdc       dm     Delete mode (enter)
enter_dim_mode,              dim        mh     Turn on half-bright mode
enter_doublewide_mode,       swidm      ZF     Enable double-wide mode
enter_draft_quality,         sdrfq      ZG     Set draft-quality printing
enter_insert_mode,           smir       im     Insert mode (enter);
enter_italics_mode,          sitm       ZH     Enable italics mode
enter_leftward_mode,         slm        ZI     Enable leftward carriage motion
enter_micro_mode,            smicm      ZJ     Enable micro-motion capabilities
enter_near_letter_quality,   snlq       ZK     Set NLQ printing
enter_normal_quality,        snrmq      ZL     Set normal quality printing
enter_pc_charset_mode,       smpch      S2     Enter PC character display mode
enter_protected_mode,        prot       mp     Turn on protected mode
enter_reverse_mode,          rev        mr     Turn on reverse video mode
enter_scancode_mode,         smsc       S4     Enter PC scancode mode
enter_secure_mode,           invis      mk     Turn on blank mode (chars invisible)
enter_shadow_mode,           sshm       ZM     Enable shadow-mode printing
enter_standout_mode,         smso       so     Begin stand out mode
enter_subscript_mode,        ssubm      ZN     Enable subscript printing
enter_superscript_mode,      ssupm      ZO     Enable superscript printing
enter_underline_mode,        smul       us     Start underscore mode
enter_upward_mode,           sum        ZP     Enable upward carriage motion
enter_xon_mode,              smxon      SX     Turn on xon/xoff handshaking
erase_chars,                 ech        ec     Erase #1 characters (PG)
exit_alt_charset_mode,       rmacs      ae     End alternate character set (P)
exit_am_mode,                rmam       RA     Turn off automatic margins
exit_attribute_mode,         sgr0       me     Turn off all attributes
exit_ca_mode,                rmcup      te     String to end programs that use cup
exit_delete_mode,            rmdc       ed     End delete mode
exit_doublewide_mode,        rwidm      ZQ     Disable double-wide printing
exit_insert_mode,            rmir       ei     End insert mode
exit_italics_mode,           ritm       ZR     Disable italic printing
exit_leftward_mode,          rlm        ZS     Enable rightward (normal) carriage motion
exit_micro_mode,             rmicm      ZT     Disable micro motion capabilities
exit_pc_charset_mode,        rmpch      S3     Disable PC character display
exit_scancode_mode,          rmsc       S5     Disable PC scan-code mode
exit_shadow_mode,            rshm       ZU     Disable shadow printing
exit_standout_mode,          rmso       se     End stand out mode
exit_subscript_mode,         rsubm      ZV     Disable subscript printing
exit_superscript_mode,       rsupm      ZW     Disable superscript printing
exit_underline_mode,         rmul       ue     End underscore mode
exit_upward_mode,            rum        ZX     Enable downward (normal) carriage motion
exit_xon_mode,               rmxon      RX     turn off xon/xoff handshaking
flash_screen,                flash      vb     Visible bell (may not move cursor)
form_feed,                   ff         ff     Hardcopy terminal page eject (P*)




                                                                5





()                                                             ()


from_status_line,            fsl        fs     Return from status line
init_1string,                is1        i1     Terminal initialization string
init_2string,                is2        i2     Terminal initialization string
init_3string,                is3        i3     Terminal initialization string
init_file,                   if         if     Name of file containing is
init_prog,                   iprog      iP     Path name of program for init
initialize_color,            initc      Ic     Initialize the definition of color
initialize_pair,             initp      Ip     Initialize color-pair
insert_character,            ich1       ic     Insert character (P)
insert_line,                 il1        al     Add new blank line (P*)
insert_padding,              ip         ip     Insert pad after character inserted
                                               (p*)
key_a1,                      ka1        K1     Upper left of keypad
key_a3,                      ka3        K3     Upper right of keypad
key_b2,                      kb2        K2     Center of keypad
key_backspace,               kbs        kb     Sent by backspace key
key_beg,                     kbeg       @1     begin key
key_btab,                    kcbt       kB     back-tab key
key_c1,                      kc1        K4     Lower left of keypad
key_c3,                      kc3        K5     Lower right of keypad
key_cancel,                  kcan       @2     cancel key
key_catab,                   ktbc       ka     Sent by clear-all-tabs key
key_clear,                   kclr       kC     Sent by clear screen or erase key
key_close,                   kclo       @3     close key
key_command,                 kcmd       @4     command key
key_copy,                    kcpy       @5     copy key
key_create,                  kcrt       @6     create key
key_ctab,                    kctab      kt     Sent by clear-tab key
key_dc,                      kdch1      kD     Sent by delete character key
key_dl,                      kdl1       kL     Sent by delete line key
key_down,                    kcud1      kd     Sent by terminal down arrow key
key_eic,                     krmir      kM     Sent by rmir or smir in insert mode
key_end,                     kend       @7     end key
key_enter,                   kent       @8     enter/send key
key_eol,                     kel        kE     Sent by clear-to-end-of-line key
key_eos,                     ked        kS     Sent by clear-to-end-of-screen key
key_exit,                    kext       @9     exit key
key_f0,                      kf0        k0     Sent by function key f0
key_f1,                      kf1        k1     Sent by function key f1
key_f2,                      kf2        k2     Sent by function key f2
key_f3,                      kf3        k3     Sent by function key f3
key_f4,                      kf4        k4     Sent by function key f4
key_f5,                      kf5        k5     Sent by function key f5
key_f6,                      kf6        k6     Sent by function key f6
key_f7,                      kf7        k7     Sent by function key f7
key_f8,                      kf8        k8     Sent by function key f8
key_f9,                      kf9        k9     Sent by function key f9
key_f10,                     kf10       k;     Sent by function key f10
key_f11,                     kf11       F1     F11 function key
key_f12,                     kf12       F2     F12 function key
key_f13,                     kf13       F3     F13 function key
key_f14,                     kf14       F4     F14 function key
key_f15,                     kf15       F5     F15 function key




                                                                6





()                                                             ()


key_f16,                     kf16       F6     F16 function key
key_f17,                     kf17       F7     F17 function key
key_f18,                     kf18       F8     F18 function key
key_f19,                     kf19       F9     F19 function key
key_f20,                     kf20       FA     F20 function key
key_f21,                     kf21       FB     F21 function key
key_f22,                     kf22       FC     F22 function key
key_f23,                     kf23       FD     F23 function key
key_f24,                     kf24       FE     F24 function key
key_f25,                     kf25       FF     F25 function key
key_f26,                     kf26       FG     F26 function key
key_f27,                     kf27       FH     F27 function key
key_f28,                     kf28       FI     F28 function key
key_f29,                     kf29       FJ     F29 function key
key_f30,                     kf30       FK     F30 function key
key_f31,                     kf31       FL     F31 function key
key_f32,                     kf32       FM     F32 function key
key_f33,                     kf33       FN     F33 function key
key_f34,                     kf34       FO     F34 function key
key_f35,                     kf35       FP     F35 function key
key_f36,                     kf36       FQ     F36 function key
key_f37,                     kf37       FR     F37 function key
key_f38,                     kf38       FS     F38 function key
key_f39,                     kf39       FT     F39 function key
key_f40,                     kf40       FU     F40 function key
key_f41,                     kf41       FV     F41 function key
key_f42,                     kf42       FW     F42 function key
key_f43,                     kf43       FX     F43 function key
key_f44,                     kf44       FY     F44 function key
key_f45,                     kf45       FZ     F45 function key
key_f46,                     kf46       Fa     F46 function key
key_f47,                     kf47       Fb     F47 function key
key_f48,                     kf48       Fc     F48 function key
key_f49,                     kf49       Fd     F49 function key
key_f50,                     kf50       Fe     F50 function key
key_f51,                     kf51       Ff     F51 function key
key_f52,                     kf52       Fg     F52 function key
key_f53,                     kf53       Fh     F53 function key
key_f54,                     kf54       Fi     F54 function key
key_f55,                     kf55       Fj     F55 function key
key_f56,                     kf56       Fk     F56 function key
key_f57,                     kf57       Fl     F57 function key
key_f58,                     kf58       Fm     F58 function key
key_f59,                     kf59       Fn     F59 function key
key_f60,                     kf60       Fo     F60 function key
key_f61,                     kf61       Fp     F61 function key
key_f62,                     kf62       Fq     F62 function key
key_f63,                     kf63       Fr     F63 function key
key_find,                    kfnd       @0     find key
key_help,                    khlp       %1     help key
key_home,                    khome      kh     Sent by home key
key_ic,                      kich1      kI     Sent by ins char/enter ins mode key
key_il,                      kil1       kA     Sent by insert line




                                                                7





()                                                             ()


key_left,                    kcub1      kl     Sent by terminal left arrow key
key_ll,                      kll        kH     Sent by home-down key
key_mark,                    kmrk       %2     mark key
key_message,                 kmsg       %3     message key
key_move,                    kmov       %4     move key
key_next,                    knxt       %5     next key
key_npage,                   knp        kN     Sent by next-page key
key_open,                    kopn       %6     open key
key_options,                 kopt       %7     options key
key_ppage,                   kpp        kP     Sent by previous-page key
key_previous,                kprv       %8     previous key
key_print,                   kprt       %9     print key
key_redo,                    krdo       %0     redo key
key_reference,               kref       &1     reference key
key_refresh,                 krfr       &2     refresh key
key_replace,                 krpl       &3     replace key
key_restart,                 krst       &4     restart key
key_resume,                  kres       &5     resume key
key_right,                   kcuf1      kr     Sent by terminal right arrow key
key_save,                    ksav       &6     save key
key_sbeg,                    kBEG       &9     shifted begin key
key_scancel,                 kCAN       &0     shifted cancel key
key_scommand,                kCMD       *1     shifted command key
key_scopy,                   kCPY       *2     shifted copy key
key_screate,                 kCRT       *3     shifted create key
key_sdc,                     kDC        *4     shifted delete char key
key_sdl,                     kDL        *5     shifted delete line key
key_select,                  kslt       *6     select key
key_send,                    kEND       *7     shifted end key
key_seol,                    kEOL       *8     shifted end of line key
key_sexit,                   kEXT       *9     shifted exit key
key_sf,                      kind       kF     Sent by scroll-forward/down key
key_sfind,                   kFND       *0     shifted find key
key_shelp,                   kHLP       #1     shifted help key
key_shome,                   kHOM       #2     shifted home key
key_sic,                     kIC        #3     shifted insert char key
key_sleft,                   kLFT       #4     shifted left key
key_smessage,                kMSG       %a     shifted message key
key_smove,                   kMOV       %b     shifted move key
key_snext,                   kNXT       %c     shifted next key
key_soptions,                kOPT       %d     shifted options key
key_sprevious,               kPRV       %e     shifted previous key
key_sprint,                  kPRT       %f     shifted print key
key_sr,                      kri        kR     Sent by scroll-backward/up key
key_sredo,                   kRDO       %g     shifted redo key
key_sreplace,                kRPL       %h     shifted replace key
key_sright,                  kRIT       %i     shifted right key
key_srsume,                  kRES       %j     shifted resume key
key_ssave,                   kSAV       !1     shifted save key
key_ssuspend,                kSPD       !2     shifted suspend key
key_stab,                    khts       kT     Sent by set-tab key
key_sundo,                   kUND       !3     shifted undo key
key_suspend,                 kspd       &7     suspend key




                                                                8





()                                                             ()


key_undo,                    kund       &8     undo key
key_up,                      kcuu1      ku     Sent by terminal up arrow key
keypad_local,                rmkx       ke     Out of "keypad transmit" mode
keypad_xmit,                 smkx       ks     Put terminal in "keypad transmit" mode
lab_f0,                      lf0        l0     Labels on function key f0 if not f0
lab_f1,                      lf1        l1     Labels on function key f1 if not f1
lab_f2,                      lf2        l2     Labels on function key f2 if not f2
lab_f3,                      lf3        l3     Labels on function key f3 if not f3
lab_f4,                      lf4        l4     Labels on function key f4 if not f4
lab_f5,                      lf5        l5     Labels on function key f5 if not f5
lab_f6,                      lf6        l6     Labels on function key f6 if not f6
lab_f7,                      lf7        l7     Labels on function key f7 if not f7
lab_f8,                      lf8        l8     Labels on function key f8 if not f8
lab_f9,                      lf9        l9     Labels on function key f9 if not f9
lab_f10,                     lf10       la     Labels on function key f10 if not f10
label_on,                    smln       LO     turn on soft labels
label_off,                   rmln       LF     turn off soft labels
meta_off,                    rmm        mo     Turn off "meta mode"
meta_on,                     smm        mm     Turn on "meta mode" (8th bit)
micro_column_address,        mhpa       ZY     Like column_address for micro adjustment
micro_down,                  mcud1      ZZ     Like cursor_down for micro adjustment
micro_left,                  mcub1      Za     Like cursor_left for micro adjustment
micro_right,                 mcuf1      Zb     Like cursor_right for micro adjustment
micro_row_address,           mvpa       Zc     Like row_address for micro adjustment
micro_up,                    mcuu1      Zd     Like cursor_up for micro adjustment
newline,                     nel        nw     Newline (behaves like cr followed by lf)
order_of_pins,               porder     Ze     Matches software buts to print-head pins
orig_colors,                 oc         oc     Reset all color pairs
orig_pair,                   op         op     Set default color-pair to original one
pad_char,                    pad        pc     Pad character (rather than null)
parm_dch,                    dch        DC     Delete #1 chars (PG*)
parm_delete_line,            dl         DL     Delete #1 lines (PG*)
parm_down_cursor,            cud        DO     Move cursor down #1 lines (PG*)
parm_down_micro,             mcud       Zf     Like cud for micro adjust
parm_ich,                    ich        IC     Insert #1 blank chars (PG*)
parm_index,                  indn       SF     Scroll forward #1 lines (PG)
parm_insert_line,            il         AL     Add #1 new blank lines (PG*)
parm_left_cursor,            cub        LE     Move cursor left #1 spaces (PG)
parm_left_micro,             mcub       Zg     Like cul for micro adjust
parm_right_cursor,           cuf        RI     Move cursor right #1 spaces (PG*)
parm_right_micro,            mcuf       Zh     Likr cuf for micro adjust
parm_rindex,                 rin        SR     Scroll backward #1 lines (PG)
parm_up_cursor,              cuu        UP     Move cursor up #1 lines (PG*)
parm_up_micro,               mcuu       Zi     Like cuu for micro adjust
pkey_key,                    pfkey      pk     Prog funct key #1 to type string #2
pkey_local,                  pfloc      pl     Prog funct key #1 to execute string #2
pkey_xmit,                   pfx        px     Prog funct key #1 to xmit string #2
pkey_plab,                   pfxl       xl     Program key #1 to xmit #2 and show #3
plab_norm,                   pln        pn     program label #1 to show string #2
print_screen,                mc0        ps     Print contents of the screen
prtr_non,                    mc5p       pO     Turn on the printer for #1 bytes
prtr_off,                    mc4        pf     Turn off the printer
prtr_on,                     mc5        po     Turn on the printer




                                                                9





()                                                             ()


repeat_char,                 rep        rp     Repeat char #1 #2 times.  (PG*)
req_for_input,               rfi        RF     request for input
reset_1string,               rs1        r1     Reset terminal completely to sane modes.
reset_2string,               rs2        r2     Reset terminal completely to sane modes.
reset_3string,               rs3        r3     Reset terminal completely to sane modes.
reset_file,                  rf         rf     Name of file containing reset string
restore_cursor,              rc         rc     Restore cursor to position of last sc
row_address,                 vpa        cv     Vertical position absolute (set row) (PG)
save_cursor,                 sc         sc     Save cursor position (P)
scancode_escape,             scesc      S7     Escape for scan-code emulation
scroll_forward,              ind        sf     Scroll text up (P)
scroll_reverse,              ri         sr     Scroll text down (P)
select_char_set,             scs        Zj     Select character set
set0_des_seq,                s0ds       s0     Shift to code set 0 (EUC set 0, ASCII)
set1_des_seq,                s1ds       s1     Shift to code set 1
set2_des_seq,                s2ds       s2     Shift to code set 2
set3_des_seq,                s3ds       s3     Shift to code set 3
set_a_background,            setab      AB     Set background color using ANSI escape
set_a_foreground,            setaf      AF     Set foreground color using ANSI escape
set_attributes,              sgr        sa     Define the video attributes (PG9)
set_background,              setb       Sb     Set current background color
set_bottom_margin,           smgb       Zk     Set bottom margin at current line
set_bottom_margin_parm,      smgbp      Zl     Set bottom line at line #1 or #2 lines from bottom
set_color_band,              setcolor   Yz     Change to ribbon color #1
set_color_pair,              scp        sp     Set current color pair
set_foreground,              setf       Sf     Set current foreground color
set_left_margin,             smgl       ML     Set left margin at current line
set_left_margin_parm,        smglp      Zm     Set left (right) margin at #1 (#2)
set_lr_margin,               smglr      ML     Set both left and right margins
set_page_length,             slines     YZ     Set page length to #1 lines (use tparm)
set_right_margin,            smgr       MR     Set right margin at current column
set_right_margin_parm,       smgrp      Zn     Set right margin at column #1
set_tab,                     hts        st     Set a tab in all rows, current column
set_tb_margin,               smgtb      MT     Sets both top and bottom margins
set_top_margin,              smgt       Zo     Set top margin at current line
set_top_margin_parm,         smgtp      Zp     Set top margin at line #1
set_window,                  wind       wi     Current window is lines #1-#2 cols #3-#4
start_bit_image,             sbim       Zq     Start printing bit image graphics
start_char_set_def,          scsd       Zr     Start definition of a character set
stop_bit_image,              rbim       Zs     End printing bit image graphics
stop_char_set_def,           rcsd       Zt     End definition of character set
subscript_characters,        subcs      Zu     List of subscriptable chars
superscript_characters,      supcs      Zv     List of superscriptable chars
tab,                         ht         ta     Tab to next 8 space hardware tab stop
these_cause_cr,              docr       Zw     These characters cause a CR
to_status_line,              tsl        ts     Go to status line, column #1
underline_char,              uc         uc     Underscore one char and move past it
up_half_line,                hu         hu     Half-line up (reverse 1/2 linefeed)
xoff_character,              xoffc      XF     XON character
xon_character,               xonc       XN     XOFF character
zero_motion,                 zerom,     Zx     No motion for the subsequent character

              (The  following  string capabilities are present in
              the SVr4.0 term structure, but are  not  documented



                                                               10





()                                                             ()


              in the man page.  Comments are from the term struc-
              ture header.)

    VVaarriiaabbllee       CCaapp--     II..                      DDeessccrriippttiioonn
    BBoooolleeaannss       nnaammee    CCooddee
label_format,      fln     Lf     ??
set_clock,         sclk    SC     Set time-of-day clock
display_clock,     dclk    DK     Display time-of-day clock
remove_clock,      rmclk   RC     Remove time-of-day clock??
create_window,     cwin    CW     Define win #1 to go from #2,#3 to #4,#5
goto_window,       wingo   WG     Goto window #1
hangup,            hup     HU     Hang up phone
dial_phone,        dial    DI     Dial phone number #1
quick_dial,        qdial   QD     Dial phone number #1, without progress detection
tone,              tone    TO     Select touch tone dialing
pulse,             pulse   PU     Select pulse dialing
flash_hook,        hook    fh     Flash the switch hook
fixed_pause,       pause   PA     Pause for 2-3 seconds
wait_tone,         wait    WA     Wait for dial tone
user0,             u0      u0     User string # 0
user1,             u1      u1     User string # 1
user2,             u2      u2     User string # 2
user3,             u3      u3     User string # 3
user4,             u4      u4     User string # 4
user5,             u5      u5     User string # 5
user6,             u6      u6     User string # 6
user7,             u7      u7     User string # 7
user8,             u8      u8     User string # 8
user9,             u9      u9     User string # 9
key_mouse,         kmous   Km     ??
mouse_info,        minfo   Mi     Mouse status information
pc_term_options,   pctrm   S6     PC terminal options
req_mouse_pos,     reqmp   RQ     Request mouse position report

              (The following string capabilities are described in
              the XSI Curses standard.)

                    VVaarriiaabbllee             CCaapp--     II..    DDeessccrriippttiioonn
                    BBoooolleeaannss             nnaammee    CCooddee
            enter_horizontal_hl_mode,   ehhlm    str    Xh
            enter_left_hl_mode,         elhlm    str    Xl
            enter_low_hl_mode,          elohlm   str    Xo
            enter_right_hl_mode,        erhlm    str    Xr
            enter_top_hl_mode,          ethlm    str    Xt
            enter_vertical_hl_mode,     evhlm    str    Xv


   AA SSaammppllee EEnnttrryy
       The following entry, describing an ANSI-standard terminal,
       is representative of what a tteerrmmiinnffoo entry  for  a  modern
       terminal typically looks like.

     aannssii--mmoonnoo||AANNSSII XX33..6644--11997799 tteerrmmiinnaall wwiitthh AANNSSII..SSYYSS ccoommppaattiibbllee aattttrriibbuutteess,,
        mmcc55ii,,



                                                               11





()                                                             ()


        ccuubb==\\EE[[%%pp11%%ddDD,, ccuudd==\\EE[[%%pp11%%ddBB,, ccuuff==\\EE[[%%pp11%%ddCC,,
        ccuuuu==\\EE[[%%pp11%%ddAA,, ddcchh==\\EE[[%%pp11%%ddPP,, ddll==\\EE[[%%pp11%%ddMM,, eecchh==\\EE[[%%pp11%%ddXX,, eell11==\\EE[[11KK,,
        hhppaa==\\EE[[%%pp11%%ddGG,, hhtt==\\EE[[II,, iicchh==\\EE[[%%pp11%%dd@@,, iill==\\EE[[%%pp11%%ddLL,, iinnddnn==\\EE[[%%pp11%%ddSS,,
        kkbbss==\\bb,, kkccbbtt==\\EE[[ZZ,, kkiicchh11==\\EE[[LL,,
        kkccuubb11==\\EE[[DD,, kkccuudd11==\\EE[[BB,, kkccuuff11==\\EE[[CC,, kkccuuuu11==\\EE[[AA,,
        kkff11==\\EE[[MM,, kkff22==\\EE[[NN,, kkff33==\\EE[[OO,, kkff44==\\EE[[PP,, kkff55==\\EE[[QQ,,
        kkff66==\\EE[[RR,, kkff77==\\EE[[SS,, kkff88==\\EE[[TT,, kkff99==\\EE[[UU,, kkff1100==\\EE[[VV,,
        kkff1111==\\EE[[WW,, kkff1122==\\EE[[XX,,
        mmcc55==\\EE[[55ii,, mmcc44==\\EE[[44ii,,
        nneell==\\rr\\EE[[SS,, rreepp==%%pp11%%cc\\EE[[%%pp22%%{{11}}%%--%%ddbb,, rriinn==\\EE[[%%pp11%%ddTT,,
        ss00ddss==\\EE((BB,, ss11ddss==\\EE))BB,, ss22ddss==\\EE**BB,, ss33ddss==\\EE++BB,,
        ssggrr==\\EE[[00;;1100%%??%%pp11%%tt;;77%%;;%%??%%pp22%%tt;;44%%;;%%??%%pp33%%tt;;77%%;;%%??%%pp44%%tt;;55%%;;%%??%%pp66%%tt;;11%%;;%%??%%pp77%%tt;;88%%;;%%??%%pp88%%tt;;1111%%;;%%??%%pp99%%tt;;1122%%;;mm,,
        ssggrr00==\\EE[[00;;1100mm,, ttbbcc==\\EE[[22gg,, vvppaa==\\EE[[%%pp11%%dddd,, uussee==ppccaannssii,,\\ss++22

       Entries  may continue onto multiple lines by placing white
       space at the beginning of  each  line  except  the  first.
       Comments  may  be  included on lines beginning with ``#''.
       Capabilities in _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o are of three types: Boolean capa-
       bilities which indicate that the terminal has some partic-
       ular feature, numeric capabilities giving the size of  the
       terminal  or  the  size  of  particular delays, and string
       capabilities, which give a sequence which can be  used  to
       perform particular terminal operations.


   TTyyppeess ooff CCaappaabbiilliittiieess
       All  capabilities have names.  For instance, the fact that
       ANSI-standard terminals have _a_u_t_o_m_a_t_i_c _m_a_r_g_i_n_s  (i.e.,  an
       automatic  return  and line-feed when the end of a line is
       reached) is indicated by the  capability  aamm.   Hence  the
       description of ansi includes aamm.  Numeric capabilities are
       followed by the character `#' and then  the  value.   Thus
       ccoollss,  which  indicates the number of columns the terminal
       has, gives the value `80' for ansi.

       Finally, string valued capabilities, such as eell (clear  to
       end of line sequence) are given by the two-character code,
       an `=', and then a string ending  at  the  next  following
       `,'.   A delay in milliseconds may appear anywhere in such
       a  capability,  enclosed  in   $<..>   brackets,   as   in
       eell=\EK$<5>,  and  padding characters are supplied by _t_p_u_t_s
       to provide this delay.  The delay can be either a  number,
       e.g., `20', or a number followed by an `*', i.e., `5*'.  A
       `*' indicates that the padding required is proportional to
       the  number  of  lines  affected by the operation, and the
       amount given is the  per-affected-unit  padding  required.
       (In  the case of insert character, the factor is still the
       number of _l_i_n_e_s affected.  This is always one  unless  the
       terminal  has  xxeennll and the software uses it.)  When a `*'
       is specified, it is sometimes useful to give  a  delay  of
       the  form  `3.5'  to specify a delay per unit to tenths of
       milliseconds.  (Only one decimal place is allowed.)

       A number of escape sequences are provided  in  the  string



                                                               12





()                                                             ()


       valued capabilities for easy encoding of characters there.
       Both \\EE and \\ee map to an ESCAPE character, ^^xx  maps  to  a
       control-x  for  any appropriate x, and the sequences \\nn \\ll
       \\rr \\tt \\bb \\ff \\ss give a  newline,  line-feed,  return,  tab,
       backspace, form-feed, and space.  Other escapes include \^
       for ^, \\ for \, \, for comma, \: for :, and \0 for  null.
       (\0  will  produce \200, which does not terminate a string
       but behaves  as  a  null  character  on  most  terminals.)
       Finally,  characters  may  be  given as three octal digits
       after a \\.

       Sometimes individual capabilities must be  commented  out.
       To  do this, put a period before the capability name.  For
       example, see the second iinndd in the example above.


   PPrreeppaarriinngg DDeessccrriippttiioonnss
       We now outline how to prepare descriptions  of  terminals.
       The  most  effective way to prepare a terminal description
       is by imitating the description of a similar  terminal  in
       _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o  and  to  build up a description gradually, using
       partial descriptions with _v_i or some other screen-oriented
       program  to  check that they are correct.  Be aware that a
       very unusual terminal may expose deficiencies in the abil-
       ity  of  the  _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o  file to describe it or bugs in the
       screen-handling code of the test program.  To easily  test
       a  new  terminal  description  you can set the environment
       variable TERMINFO to a pathname of a directory  containing
       the  compiled  description you are working on and programs
       will look there rather than in  _@_T_E_R_M_I_N_F_O_@.   To  get  the
       padding  for  insert  line right (if the terminal manufac-
       turer did not document  it)  a  severe  test  is  to  edit
       /etc/passwd  at  9600 baud, delete 16 or so lines from the
       middle of the screen, then hit the `u' key  several  times
       quickly.   If the terminal messes up, more padding is usu-
       ally needed.  A similar test can be used for insert  char-
       acter.


   BBaassiicc CCaappaabbiilliittiieess
       The  number  of  columns  on each line for the terminal is
       given by the ccoollss numeric capability.  If the terminal  is
       a  CRT, then the number of lines on the screen is given by
       the lliinneess capability.  If the terminal wraps around to the
       beginning  of the next line when it reaches the right mar-
       gin, then it should have the aamm capability.  If the termi-
       nal  can  clear its screen, leaving the cursor in the home
       position, then this is given by the cclleeaarr string  capabil-
       ity.   If the terminal overstrikes (rather than clearing a
       position when a character is struck over) then  it  should
       have  the  ooss  capability.   If the terminal is a printing
       terminal, with no soft copy unit, give it both hhcc and  ooss.
       (ooss  applies to storage scope terminals, such as TEKTRONIX
       4010 series, as well as hard copy and APL terminals.)   If



                                                               13





()                                                             ()


       there is a code to move the cursor to the left edge of the
       current row, give this as ccrr.  (Normally this will be car-
       riage  return,  control M.)  If there is a code to produce
       an audible signal (bell, beep, etc) give this as bbeell.

       If there is a code to move the cursor one position to  the
       left  (such  as backspace) that capability should be given
       as ccuubb11.  Similarly, codes to move to the right,  up,  and
       down should be given as ccuuff11, ccuuuu11, and ccuudd11.  These local
       cursor motions should not alter the text they  pass  over,
       for  example,  you would not normally use `ccuuff11= ' because
       the space would erase the character moved over.

       A very important point  here  is  that  the  local  cursor
       motions  encoded in _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o are undefined at the left and
       top edges  of  a  CRT  terminal.   Programs  should  never
       attempt  to  backspace  around the left edge, unless bbww is
       given, and never attempt to go up locally off the top.  In
       order  to  scroll text up, a program will go to the bottom
       left corner of the screen and send the iinndd (index) string.

       To scroll text down, a program goes to the top left corner
       of the screen and sends the  rrii  (reverse  index)  string.
       The  strings  iinndd  and  rrii are undefined when not on their
       respective corners of the screen.

       Parameterized versions of the scrolling sequences are iinnddnn
       and rriinn which have the same semantics as iinndd and rrii except
       that they take one parameter, and scroll that many  lines.
       They  are also undefined except at the appropriate edge of
       the screen.

       The aamm capability tells whether the cursor sticks  at  the
       right  edge  of  the  screen when text is output, but this
       does not necessarily apply to a ccuuff11 from the last column.
       The  only local motion which is defined from the left edge
       is if bbww is given, then a ccuubb11 from  the  left  edge  will
       move  to the right edge of the previous row.  If bbww is not
       given, the effect is undefined.  This is useful for  draw-
       ing  a box around the edge of the screen, for example.  If
       the terminal has switch selectable automatic margins,  the
       _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o  file  usually assumes that this is on; i.e., aamm.
       If the terminal has a command which  moves  to  the  first
       column  of the next line, that command can be given as nneell
       (newline).  It does not matter if the command  clears  the
       remainder  of  the current line, so if the terminal has no
       ccrr and llff it may still be possible to craft a working  nneell
       out of one or both of them.

       These  capabilities  suffice  to  describe  hard-copy  and
       "glass-tty" terminals.  Thus  the  model  33  teletype  is
       described as

     3333||ttttyy3333||ttttyy||mmooddeell 3333 tteelleettyyppee,,



                                                               14





()                                                             ()


     bbeell==^^GG,, ccoollss##7722,, ccrr==^^MM,, ccuudd11==^^JJ,, hhcc,, iinndd==^^JJ,, ooss,,

       while the Lear Siegler ADM-3 is described as

     aaddmm33||33||llssii aaddmm33,,
     aamm,, bbeell==^^GG,, cclleeaarr==^^ZZ,, ccoollss##8800,, ccrr==^^MM,, ccuubb11==^^HH,, ccuudd11==^^JJ,,
     iinndd==^^JJ,, lliinneess##2244,,


   PPaarraammeetteerriizzeedd SSttrriinnggss
       Cursor  addressing  and other strings requiring parameters
       in the terminal are described by  a  parameterized  string
       capability,  with  _p_r_i_n_t_f(3S)  like escapes %%xx in it.  For
       example, to address the  cursor,  the  ccuupp  capability  is
       given, using two parameters: the row and column to address
       to.  (Rows and columns are numbered from zero and refer to
       the physical screen visible to the user, not to any unseen
       memory.)  If  the  terminal  has  memory  relative  cursor
       addressing, that can be indicated by mmrrccuupp.

       The  parameter  mechanism uses a stack and special %% codes
       to manipulate it.  Typically a sequence will push  one  of
       the  parameters  onto  the stack and then print it in some
       format.  Often more complex operations are necessary.

       The %% encodings have the following meanings:

            %%        outputs `%'
            %d        print pop() as in printf
            %2d       print pop() like %2d
            %3d       print pop() like %3d
            %02d
            %03d      as in printf
            %c        print pop() gives %c
            %s        print pop() gives %s

            %p[1-9]   push ith parm
            %P[a-z]   set variable [a-z] to pop()
            %g[a-z]   get variable [a-z] and push it
            %'c'      char constant c
            %{nn}     integer constant nn

            %+ %- %* %/ %m
                      arithmetic (%m is mod): push(pop() op pop())
            %& %| %^  bit operations: push(pop() op pop())
            %= %> %<  logical operations: push(pop() op pop())
            %A, %O    logical and & or operations (for conditionals)
            %! %~     unary operations push(op pop())
            %i        add 1 to first two parms (for ANSI terminals)

            %? expr %t thenpart %e elsepart %;
                      if-then-else, %e elsepart is optional.
                      else-if's are possible ala Algol 68:
                      %? c1 %t b1 %e c2 %t b2 %e c3 %t b3 %e c4 %t b4 %e %;



                                                               15





()                                                             ()


                      ci are conditions, bi are bodies.

       Binary operations are in postfix form with the operands in
       the  usual  order.   That  is,  to  get  x-5 one would use
       "%gx%{5}%-".

       Consider the HP2645, which, to get to row 3 and column 12,
       needs  to  be  sent  \E&a12c03Y padded for 6 milliseconds.
       Note that the order of the rows and  columns  is  inverted
       here,  and that the row and column are printed as two dig-
       its.  Thus its ccuupp capability is "cup=6\E&%p2%2dc%p1%2dY".

       The Microterm ACT-IV needs the current row and column sent
       preceded by a ^^TT, with the row and column  simply  encoded
       in  binary,  "cup=^T%p1%c%p2%c".  Terminals which use "%c"
       need to be able to backspace the  cursor  (ccuubb11),  and  to
       move the cursor up one line on the screen (ccuuuu11).  This is
       necessary because it is not always safe to transmit \\nn  ^^DD
       and  \\rr,  as  the system may change or discard them.  (The
       library routines dealing with terminfo set  tty  modes  so
       that tabs are never expanded, so \t is safe to send.  This
       turns out to be essential for the Ann Arbor 4080.)

       A final example is the LSI ADM-3a, which uses row and col-
       umn  offset  by  a  blank  character,  thus  "cup=\E=%p1%'
       '%+%c%p2%' '%+%c".  After sending `\E=', this  pushes  the
       first  parameter, pushes the ASCII value for a space (32),
       adds them (pushing the sum on the stack in  place  of  the
       two  previous  values) and outputs that value as a charac-
       ter.  Then the same is  done  for  the  second  parameter.
       More complex arithmetic is possible using the stack.

       If the terminal has row or column absolute cursor address-
       ing, these can be given as single  parameter  capabilities
       hhppaa (horizontal position absolute) and vvppaa (vertical posi-
       tion absolute).  Sometimes these are shorter than the more
       general  two  parameter  sequence (as with the hp2645) and
       can be used in preference to ccuupp ..  If there  are  parame-
       terized  local  motions (e.g., move _n spaces to the right)
       these can be given as ccuudd, ccuubb, ccuuff, and ccuuuu with a single
       parameter  indicating  how many spaces to move.  These are
       primarily useful if the terminal does not have  ccuupp,  such
       as the TEKTRONIX 4025.


   CCuurrssoorr MMoottiioonnss
       If the terminal has a fast way to home the cursor (to very
       upper left corner of screen) then this  can  be  given  as
       hhoommee;  similarly  a fast way of getting to the lower left-
       hand corner can be given as llll; this may involve going  up
       with  ccuuuu11  from  the  home position, but a program should
       never do this itself (unless llll does) because it can  make
       no  assumption about the effect of moving up from the home
       position.  Note that the home  position  is  the  same  as



                                                               16





()                                                             ()


       addressing to (0,0): to the top left corner of the screen,
       not of memory.  (Thus, the \EH sequence  on  HP  terminals
       cannot be used for hhoommee.)


   AArreeaa CClleeaarrss
       If the terminal can clear from the current position to the
       end of the line, leaving the  cursor  where  it  is,  this
       should be given as eell.  If the terminal can clear from the
       current position to the end  of  the  display,  then  this
       should  be given as eedd.  EEdd is only defined from the first
       column of a line.  (Thus, it can be simulated by a request
       to  delete  a  large  number of lines, if a true eedd is not
       available.)


   IInnsseerrtt//ddeelleettee lliinnee
       If the terminal can open a new blank line before the  line
       where  the cursor is, this should be given as iill11; this is
       done only from the first position of a line.   The  cursor
       must then appear on the newly blank line.  If the terminal
       can delete the line which the  cursor  is  on,  then  this
       should  be  given as ddll11; this is done only from the first
       position on the line to be deleted.  Versions of  iill11  and
       ddll11  which  take  a  single parameter and insert or delete
       that many lines can be given as iill and ddll.  If the  termi-
       nal  has  a settable scrolling region (like the vt100) the
       command to set this can be described with the ccssrr capabil-
       ity,  which takes two parameters: the top and bottom lines
       of the scrolling region.  The cursor  position  is,  alas,
       undefined after using this command.  It is possible to get
       the effect of insert or delete line using this  command  -
       the  sscc and rrcc (save and restore cursor) commands are also
       useful.  Inserting lines at  the  top  or  bottom  of  the
       screen  can also be done using rrii or iinndd on many terminals
       without a true insert/delete line,  and  is  often  faster
       even on terminals with those features.

       The  boolean  nnoonn__ddeesstt__ssccrroollll__rreeggiioonn should be set if each
       scrolling window is effectively a viewport  on  a  screen-
       sized  canvas.   To  test  for  this  capability, create a
       scrolling region in the middle of the screen, write  some-
       thing  to  the  bottom line, move the cursor to the top of
       the region, and do rrii followed by ddll11 or iinndd.  If the data
       scrolled  off  the  bottom  of  the  region  by the rrii re-
       appears, then scrolling is non-destructive.  System V  and
       XSI  Curses  expect that iinndd, rrii, iinnddnn, and rriinn will simu-
       late destructive scrolling; their  documentation  cautions
       you  not  to  define ccssrr unless this is true.  This ccuurrsseess
       implementation is more liberal and will do explicit erases
       after scrolling if nnddssttrr is defined.

       If the terminal has the ability to define a window as part
       of memory, which all commands affect, it should  be  given



                                                               17





()                                                             ()


       as the parameterized string wwiinndd.  The four parameters are
       the starting and ending lines in memory and  the  starting
       and ending columns in memory, in that order.

       If  the terminal can retain display memory above, then the
       ddaa capability should be given; if display  memory  can  be
       retained  below,  then ddbb should be given.  These indicate
       that deleting a line  or  scrolling  may  bring  non-blank
       lines  up  from  below  or that scrolling back with rrii may
       bring down non-blank lines.


   IInnsseerrtt//DDeelleettee CChhaarraacctteerr
       There are two basic kinds of  intelligent  terminals  with
       respect  to insert/delete character which can be described
       using _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o_.  The most common  insert/delete  character
       operations  affect only the characters on the current line
       and shift characters off the  end  of  the  line  rigidly.
       Other  terminals,  such  as the Concept 100 and the Perkin
       Elmer Owl, make a distinction between  typed  and  untyped
       blanks  on  the  screen, shifting upon an insert or delete
       only to an untyped blank on the  screen  which  is  either
       eliminated,  or  expanded  to two untyped blanks.  You can
       determine the kind of terminal you have  by  clearing  the
       screen  and  then typing text separated by cursor motions.
       Type "abc    def" using local cursor motions (not  spaces)
       between the "abc" and the "def".  Then position the cursor
       before the "abc" and put the terminal in insert mode.   If
       typing  characters  causes  the  rest of the line to shift
       rigidly and characters to fall off the end, then your ter-
       minal  does  not  distinguish  between  blanks and untyped
       positions.  If the "abc" shifts over to  the  "def"  which
       then  move together around the end of the current line and
       onto the next as you insert, you have the second  type  of
       terminal,  and should give the capability iinn, which stands
       for "insert null".  While these are two logically separate
       attributes  (one line vs. multi-line insert mode, and spe-
       cial treatment of untyped spaces) we have seen  no  termi-
       nals whose insert mode cannot be described with the single
       attribute.

       Terminfo can describe both terminals which have an  insert
       mode, and terminals which send a simple sequence to open a
       blank position on the current  line.   Give  as  ssmmiirr  the
       sequence  to  get  into  insert  mode.   Give  as rrmmiirr the
       sequence to leave insert  mode.   Now  give  as  iicchh11  any
       sequence needed to be sent just before sending the charac-
       ter to be inserted.  Most terminals  with  a  true  insert
       mode  will  not give iicchh11; terminals which send a sequence
       to open a screen position should give it here.

       If your terminal has both, insert mode is usually  prefer-
       able  to  iicchh11.   Technically,  you  should  not give both
       unless the terminal actually requires both to be  used  in



                                                               18





()                                                             ()


       combination.   Accordingly,  some  non-curses applications
       get confused if both are present; the symptom  is  doubled
       characters in an update using insert.  This requirement is
       now rare; most iicchh sequences do not require previous smir,
       and most smir insert modes do not require iicchh11 before each
       character.  Therefore, the  new  ccuurrsseess  actually  assumes
       this  is the case and uses either rrmmiirr/ssmmiirr or iicchh/iicchh11 as
       appropriate (but not both).  If you have to write an entry
       to  be  used under new curses for a terminal old enough to
       need both, include the rrmmiirr/ssmmiirr sequences in iicchh11.

       If post insert padding is needed, give this as a number of
       milliseconds  in iipp (a string option).  Any other sequence
       which may need to be sent after  an  insert  of  a  single
       character may also be given in iipp.  If your terminal needs
       both to be placed into an `insert mode' and a special code
       to  precede  each  inserted character, then both ssmmiirr/rrmmiirr
       and iicchh11 can be given, and both will  be  used.   The  iicchh
       capability, with one parameter, _n, will repeat the effects
       of iicchh11 _n times.

       It is occasionally  necessary  to  move  around  while  in
       insert  mode  to delete characters on the same line (e.g.,
       if there is a tab after the insertion position).  If  your
       terminal  allows  motion while in insert mode you can give
       the capability mmiirr to speed up  inserting  in  this  case.
       Omitting  mmiirr  will  affect  only  speed.   Some terminals
       (notably Datamedia's) must not have mmiirr because of the way
       their insert mode works.

       Finally,  you  can specify ddcchh11 to delete a single charac-
       ter, ddcchh with one parameter, _n, to  delete  _n  _c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r_s_,
       and  delete mode by giving ssmmddcc and rrmmddcc to enter and exit
       delete mode (any mode the terminal needs to be  placed  in
       for ddcchh11 to work).

       A  command to erase _n characters (equivalent to outputting
       _n blanks without moving the cursor) can be  given  as  eecchh
       with one parameter.


   HHiigghhlliigghhttiinngg,, UUnnddeerrlliinniinngg,, aanndd VViissiibbllee BBeellllss
       If  your  terminal  has  one  or  more  kinds  of  display
       attributes, these can be represented in a number  of  dif-
       ferent ways.  You should choose one display form as _s_t_a_n_d_-
       _o_u_t _m_o_d_e, representing a good, high contrast, easy-on-the-
       eyes,  format  for  highlighting  error messages and other
       attention getters.  (If you have a choice,  reverse  video
       plus  half-bright  is  good, or reverse video alone.)  The
       sequences to enter and exit standout  mode  are  given  as
       ssmmssoo  and  rrmmssoo, respectively.  If the code to change into
       or out of standout mode  leaves  one  or  even  two  blank
       spaces  on the screen, as the TVI 912 and Teleray 1061 do,
       then xxmmcc should be given to tell how many spaces are left.



                                                               19





()                                                             ()


       Codes  to  begin  underlining  and  end underlining can be
       given as ssmmuull and rrmmuull respectively.  If the terminal  has
       a  code  to  underline  the current character and move the
       cursor one space to the right, such as the Microterm Mime,
       this can be given as uucc.

       Other  capabilities  to  enter  various highlighting modes
       include bblliinnkk (blinking) bboolldd (bold or extra  bright)  ddiimm
       (dim  or  half-bright)  iinnvviiss (blanking or invisible text)
       pprroott (protected) rreevv (reverse video) ssggrr00  (turn  off  _a_l_l
       attribute  modes)  ssmmaaccss  (enter  alternate  character set
       mode) and  rrmmaaccss  (exit  alternate  character  set  mode).
       Turning  on  any of these modes singly may or may not turn
       off other modes.

       If there is a sequence to set  arbitrary  combinations  of
       modes,  this should be given as ssggrr (set attributes), tak-
       ing 9 parameters.  Each parameter is either 0 or 1, as the
       corresponding  attribute  is  on or off.  The 9 parameters
       are, in order: standout, underline, reverse,  blink,  dim,
       bold,  blank,  protect,  alternate character set.  Not all
       modes need be supported by ssggrr, only those for which  cor-
       responding separate attribute commands exist.

       Terminals  with  the ``magic cookie'' glitch (xxmmcc) deposit
       special  ``cookies''  when   they   receive   mode-setting
       sequences,  which affect the display algorithm rather than
       having extra bits for  each  character.   Some  terminals,
       such  as  the  HP  2621, automatically leave standout mode
       when they move to a new line or the cursor  is  addressed.
       Programs  using  standout  mode  should exit standout mode
       before moving the cursor or sending a newline, unless  the
       mmssggrr  capability,  asserting  that  it  is safe to move in
       standout mode, is present.

       If the terminal has a way of flashing the screen to  indi-
       cate  an  error quietly (a bell replacement) then this can
       be given as ffllaasshh; it must not move the cursor.

       If the cursor needs to be made more  visible  than  normal
       when it is not on the bottom line (to make, for example, a
       non-blinking underline into an easier  to  find  block  or
       blinking underline) give this sequence as ccvvvviiss.  If there
       is a way to make the  cursor  completely  invisible,  give
       that as cciivviiss.  The capability ccnnoorrmm should be given which
       undoes the effects of both of these modes.

       If the terminal needs to be in a special mode when running
       a program that uses these capabilities, the codes to enter
       and exit this mode can be given as ssmmccuupp and rrmmccuupp.   This
       arises,  for example, from terminals like the Concept with
       more than one page of memory.  If the  terminal  has  only
       memory  relative cursor addressing and not screen relative
       cursor addressing, a one screen-sized window must be fixed



                                                               20





()                                                             ()


       into  the terminal for cursor addressing to work properly.
       This is also used for the TEKTRONIX 4025, where ssmmccuupp sets
       the command character to be the one used by terminfo.

       If your terminal correctly generates underlined characters
       (with no special codes needed) even  though  it  does  not
       overstrike,  then  you  should give the capability uull.  If
       overstrikes are erasable with a blank, then this should be
       indicated by giving eeoo.


   KKeeyyppaadd HHaannddlliinngg
       If the terminal has a keypad that transmits codes when the
       keys are pressed, this information can be given. Note that
       it  is  not  possible to handle terminals where the keypad
       only works in local (this applies,  for  example,  to  the
       unshifted  HP  2621  keys).   If  the keypad can be set to
       transmit or not transmit, give these  codes  as  ssmmkkxx  and
       rrmmkkxx.  Otherwise the keypad is assumed to always transmit.
       The codes sent by the left arrow, right arrow,  up  arrow,
       down  arrow,  and  home keys can be given as kkccuubb11,, kkccuuff11,,
       kkccuuuu11,, kkccuudd11,, and kkhhoommee respectively.  If there are  func-
       tion  keys  such  as f0, f1, ..., f10, the codes they send
       can be given as kkff00,, kkff11,, ......,, kkff1100.  If these  keys  have
       labels  other  than the default f0 through f10, the labels
       can be given as llff00,, llff11,, ......,, llff1100.  The codes  transmit-
       ted  by certain other special keys can be given: kkllll (home
       down), kkbbss  (backspace),  kkttbbcc  (clear  all  tabs),  kkccttaabb
       (clear the tab stop in this column), kkccllrr (clear screen or
       erase key), kkddcchh11 (delete character), kkddll11 (delete  line),
       kkrrmmiirr  (exit insert mode), kkeell (clear to end of line), kkeedd
       (clear to end of screen), kkiicchh11 (insert character or enter
       insert  mode),  kkiill11  (insert  line), kknnpp (next page), kkpppp
       (previous page), kkiinndd (scroll forward/down),  kkrrii  (scroll
       backward/up),  kkhhttss  (set  a tab stop in this column).  In
       addition, if the keypad has a 3 by 3 array of keys includ-
       ing  the four arrow keys, the other five keys can be given
       as kkaa11, kkaa33, kkbb22, kkcc11, and kkcc33.   These  keys  are  useful
       when the effects of a 3 by 3 directional pad are needed.


   TTaabbss aanndd IInniittiiaalliizzaattiioonn
       If  the terminal has hardware tabs, the command to advance
       to the next tab stop can be given as hhtt  (usually  control
       I).   A  ``back-tab''  command which moves leftward to the
       next tab stop can be given as ccbbtt.  By convention, if  the
       teletype  modes  indicate  that tabs are being expanded by
       the computer rather than being sent to the terminal,  pro-
       grams  should  not use hhtt or ccbbtt even if they are present,
       since the user may not have the tab  stops  properly  set.
       If  the terminal has hardware tabs which are initially set
       every _n spaces  when  the  terminal  is  powered  up,  the
       numeric  parameter  iitt  is  given,  showing  the number of
       spaces the tabs are set to.  This is normally used by  the



                                                               21





()                                                             ()


       _t_s_e_t  command  to  determine  whether  to set the mode for
       hardware tab expansion, and whether to set the tab  stops.
       If  the  terminal  has tab stops that can be saved in non-
       volatile memory, the terminfo description can assume  that
       they are properly set.

       Other  capabilities include iiss11, iiss22, and iiss33, initializa-
       tion strings for the terminal, iipprroogg, the path name  of  a
       program  to be run to initialize the terminal, and iiff, the
       name of a file  containing  long  initialization  strings.
       These  strings are expected to set the terminal into modes
       consistent with the  rest  of  the  terminfo  description.
       They  are  normally sent to the terminal, by the _t_s_e_t pro-
       gram, each time the user logs in.  They will be printed in
       the  following order: iiss11; iiss22; setting tabs using ttbbcc and
       hhttss; iiff; running the program iipprroogg; and finally iiss33.  Most
       initialization  is  done with iiss22.  Special terminal modes
       can be set up without duplicating strings by  putting  the
       common  sequences in iiss22 and special cases in iiss11 and iiss33.
       A pair of sequences  that  does  a  harder  reset  from  a
       totally  unknown  state  can  be analogously given as rrss11,
       rrss22, rrff, and rrss33, analogous to iiss22 and iiff.  These  strings
       are  output  by  the _r_e_s_e_t program, which is used when the
       terminal gets into a wedged state.  Commands are  normally
       placed in rrss22 and rrff only if they produce annoying effects
       on the screen and are not necessary when logging in.   For
       example,  the command to set the vt100 into 80-column mode
       would normally be part of iiss22, but it causes  an  annoying
       glitch  of the screen and is not normally needed since the
       terminal is usually already in 80 column mode.

       If there are commands to set and clear tab stops, they can
       be  given  as ttbbcc (clear all tab stops) and hhttss (set a tab
       stop in the current column of every row).  If a more  com-
       plex  sequence  is  needed  to  set  the  tabs than can be
       described by this, the sequence can be placed  in  iiss22  or
       iiff.

       Delays

       Certain  capabilities  control  padding  in  the  teletype
       driver.  These are primarily needed by  hard  copy  termi-
       nals,  and  are  used  by the _t_s_e_t program to set teletype
       modes appropriately.  Delays embedded in the  capabilities
       ccrr,  iinndd,  ccuubb11,  ffff,  and  ttaabb will cause the appropriate
       delay bits to be set in the teletype driver.


   DDeellaayyss
       Slow terminals, including hardcopy terminals and some very
       archaic  CRTs  (including,  for  example, DEC VT100s), may
       require padding characters after  certain  cursor  motions
       and  screen  changes.  In historic curses versions, delays
       embedded in the capabilities ccrr, iinndd,  ccuubb11,  ffff  and  ttaabb



                                                               22





()                                                             ()


       activated corresponding delay bits in the UNIX tty driver.
       In this implementation, all padding is done by NUL  sends.
       This  method  is  slightly more expensive, but narrows the
       interface to the UNIX kernel significantly  and  increases
       the package's portability correspondingly.

       If  ppbb  (padding  baud rate) is given, these values can be
       ignored at baud rates below the value of ppbb.


   SSttaattuuss LLiinneess
       Some terminals have an extra `status line'  which  is  not
       normally  used  by  software  (and thus not counted in the
       terminal's lliinneess capability).

       The simplest case  is  a  status  line  which  is  cursor-
       addressable  but  not part of the main scrolling region on
       the screen; the Heathkit H19 has a  status  line  of  this
       kind,  as  would  a 24-line VT100 with a 23-line scrolling
       region set up on initialization.  This situation is  indi-
       cated by the hhss capability.

       Some terminals with status lines need special sequences to
       access the status line.   These  may  be  expressed  as  a
       string with single parameter ttssll which takes the cursor to
       a given zero-origin column on the status line.  The  capa-
       bility  ffssll  must  resturn to the main-screen cursor posi-
       tions befor the last ttssll.   You  may  need  to  embed  the
       string  values of sscc (save cursor) and rrcc (restore cursor)
       in ttssll and ffssll to accomplish this.

       The status line is normally assumed to be the  same  width
       as  the width of the terminal.  If this is untrue, you can
       specify it with the numeric capability wwssll.

       A command to erase or blank the status line may be  speci-
       fied as ddssll.

       The   boolean   capability  eessllookk  specifies  that  escape
       sequences, tabs, etc. work ordinarily in the status  line.

       The  nnccuurrsseess  implementation does not yet use any of these
       capabilities.  They are documented here in case they  ever
       become important.


   LLiinnee GGrraapphhiiccss
       Many  terminals  have  alternate character sets useful for
       forms-drawing.  Terminfo and ccuurrsseess build in  support  for
       the  drawing  characters supported by the VT100, with some
       characters fromm the AT&T 4410v1  added.   This  alternate
       character set may be specified by the aaccsscc capability.





                                                               23





()                                                             ()


                 Glyph                ACS         Ascii    VT100
                 Name                 Name       Default   Name
        upper left corner         ACS_ULCORNER   +         l
        lower left corner         ACS_LLCORNER   +         m
        upper right corner        ACS_URCORNER   +         k
        lower right corner        ACS_LRCORNER   +         j
        tee pointing right        ACS_LTEE       +         t
        tee pointing left         ACS_RTEE       +         u
        tee pointing up           ACS_BTEE       +         v
        tee pointing down         ACS_TTEE       +         w
        horizontal line           ACS_HLINE      -         q
        vertical line             ACS_VLINE      |         x
        large plus or crossover   ACS_PLUS       +         n
        scan line 1               ACS_S1         ~         o
        scan line 9               ACS_S9         _         s
        diamond                   ACS_DIAMOND    +         `
        checker board (stipple)   ACS_CKBOARD    :         a
        degree symbol             ACS_DEGREE     \         f
        plus/minus                ACS_PLMINUS    #         g
        bullet                    ACS_BULLET     o         ~
        arrow pointing left       ACS_LARROW     <         ,
        arrow pointing right      ACS_RARROW     >         +
        arrow pointing down       ACS_DARROW     v         .
        arrow pointing up         ACS_UARROW     ^         -
        board of squares          ACS_BOARD      #         h
        lantern symbol            ACS_LANTERN    #         I
        solid square block        ACS_BLOCK      #         0

       The  best  way to define a new device's graphics set is to
       add a column to a copy of this table  for  your  terminal,
       giving  the  character which (when emitted between ssmmaaccssrr--
       mmaaccss switches)  will  be  rendered  as  the  corresponding
       graphic.   Then read off the VT100/your terminal character
       pairs right to left in sequence;  these  become  the  ACSC
       string.


   CCoolloorr HHaannddlliinngg
       Most  color  terminals are either `Tektronix-like' or `HP-
       like'.  Tektronix-like terminals have a predefined set  of
       N  colors  (where N usually 8), and can set character-cell
       foreground and background characters independently, mixing
       them  into  N  * N color-pairs.  On HP-like terminals, the
       use must set each color pair up separately (foreground and
       background  are  not  independently  settable).   Up  to M
       color-pairs may be  set  up  from  2*M  different  colors.
       ANSI-compatible terminals are Tektronix-like.

       Some basic color capabilities are independent of the color
       method.  The numeric capabilities ccoolloorrss and ppaaiirrss specify
       the  maximum numbers of colors and color-pairs that can be
       displayed simultaneously.  The oopp (original  pair)  string
       resets  foreground  and background colors to their default
       values for the terminal.  The oocc string resets all  colors



                                                               24





()                                                             ()


       or  color-pairs  to their default values for the terminal.
       Some terminals  (including  many  PC  terminal  emulators)
       erase  screen  areas  with  the  current  background color
       rather than the power-up default background; these  should
       have the boolean capability bbccee.

       To  change the current foreground or background color on a
       Tektronix-type terminal, use sseettaaff (set  ANSI  foreground)
       and  sseettaabb  (set ANSI background).  These take one parame-
       ter, the color number.  On an HP-like  terminal,  use  ssccpp
       with a color-pair number parameter to set which color pair
       is current.

       On a Tektronix-like terminal, the capability  cccccc  may  be
       present  to  indicate that colors can be modified.  If so,
       the iinniittcc capability will take a color number (0 to ccoolloorrss
       -  1)and  three  more parameters which describe the color.
       These three parameters default to being interpreted as RGB
       (Red,  Green, Blue) values.  If the boolean capability hhllss
       is present, they are instead as HLS (Hue, Lightness, Satu-
       ration) indices.  The ranges are terminal-dependent.

       On  an  HP-like  terminal, iinniittpp may give a capability for
       changing a color-pair value.  It will take  seven  parame-
       ters;  a  color-pair  number (0 to mmaaxx__ppaaiirrss - 1), and two
       triples describing first background  and  then  foreground
       colors.   These  parameters  must be (Red, Green, Blue) or
       (Hue, Lightness, Saturation) depending on hhllss.

       On some color terminals, colors collide  with  highlights.
       You can register these collisions with the nnccvv capability.
       This is a bit-mask of attributes not to be used when  col-
       ors  are  enabled.  The correspondence with the attributes
       understood by ccuurrsseess is as follows:

                       Attribute     Bit   Decimal
                       A_STANDOUT     0       1
                      A_UNDERLINE    1     2
                      A_REVERSE      2     4
                      A_BLINK        3     8
                      A_DIM          4     16
                      A_BOLD         5     32
                      A_INVIS        6     64
                      A_PROTECT      7     128
                      A_ALTCHARSET   8     256

       For example,  on  many  IBM  PC  consoles,  the  underline
       attribute  collides  with the foreground color blue and is
       not available in color mode.  These  should  have  an  nnccvv
       capability of 2.


   MMiisscceellllaanneeoouuss
       If   the  terminal  requires  other  than  a  null  (zero)



                                                               25





()                                                             ()


       character as a pad, then this can be given as  ppaadd.   Only
       the first character of the ppaadd string is used.

       If  the terminal can move up or down half a line, this can
       be indicated with hhuu  (half-line  up)  and  hhdd  (half-line
       down).  This is primarily useful for superscripts and sub-
       scripts on hard-copy terminals.  If a  hard-copy  terminal
       can  eject  to  the next page (form feed), give this as ffff
       (usually control L).

       If there is a command to repeat a given character a  given
       number  of times (to save time transmitting a large number
       of identical characters) this can be  indicated  with  the
       parameterized  string  rreepp.   The  first  parameter is the
       character to be repeated and the second is the  number  of
       times  to repeat it.  Thus, tparm(repeat_char, 'x', 10) is
       the same as `xxxxxxxxxx'.

       If the terminal has a settable command character, such  as
       the  TEKTRONIX  4025, this can be indicated with ccmmddcchh.  A
       prototype command character is chosen which is used in all
       capabilities.   This character is given in the ccmmddcchh capa-
       bility to identify it.  The following convention  is  sup-
       ported  on  some  UNIX  systems:  The environment is to be
       searched for a CCCC variable, and if found, all  occurrences
       of the prototype character are replaced with the character
       in the environment variable.

       Terminal descriptions that do  not  represent  a  specific
       kind of known terminal, such as _s_w_i_t_c_h, _d_i_a_l_u_p, _p_a_t_c_h, and
       _n_e_t_w_o_r_k, should include the  ggnn  (generic)  capability  so
       that  programs  can  complain that they do not know how to
       talk to the terminal.  (This capability does not apply  to
       _v_i_r_t_u_a_l   terminal   descriptions  for  which  the  escape
       sequences are known.)

       If the terminal uses xon/xoff handshaking  for  flow  con-
       trol,  give  xxoonn.   Padding  information  should  still be
       included so that routines can make better decisions  about
       costs,  but actual pad characters will not be transmitted.

       If the terminal has a ``meta key'' which acts as  a  shift
       key,  setting  the  8th  bit of any character transmitted,
       this fact can be indicated with kkmm.   Otherwise,  software
       will assume that the 8th bit is parity and it will usually
       be cleared.  If strings exist to turn this  ``meta  mode''
       on and off, they can be given as ssmmmm and rrmmmm.

       If  the terminal has more lines of memory than will fit on
       the screen at once, the number of lines of memory  can  be
       indicated  with  llmm.   A  value of llmm#0 indicates that the
       number of lines is not fixed, but that there is still more
       memory than fits on the screen.




                                                               26





()                                                             ()


       If the terminal is one of those supported by the UNIX vir-
       tual terminal protocol, the terminal number can  be  given
       as vvtt.

       Media copy strings which control an auxiliary printer con-
       nected to the terminal can be given as mmcc00: print the con-
       tents  of  the screen, mmcc44: turn off the printer, and mmcc55:
       turn on the printer.  When the printer  is  on,  all  text
       sent  to  the terminal will be sent to the printer.  It is
       undefined whether the text is also displayed on the termi-
       nal screen when the printer is on.  A variation mmcc55pp takes
       one parameter, and leaves the printer on for as many char-
       acters  as  the  value  of  the  parameter, then turns the
       printer off.  The parameter should not  exceed  255.   All
       text,  including  mmcc44,  is  transparently  passed  to  the
       printer while an mmcc55pp is in effect.

       Strings to program function keys can be  given  as  ppffkkeeyy,
       ppfflloocc,  and  ppffxx.  Each of these strings takes two parame-
       ters: the function key number to program (from  0  to  10)
       and  the  string to program it with.  Function key numbers
       out of this range may program undefined keys in a terminal
       dependent manner.  The difference between the capabilities
       is that ppffkkeeyy causes pressing the given key to be the same
       as  the  user  typing  the  given string; ppfflloocc causes the
       string to be executed by the terminal in  local;  and  ppffxx
       causes the string to be transmitted to the computer.


   GGlliittcchheess aanndd BBrraaiinnddaammaaggee
       Hazeltine  terminals, which do not allow `~' characters to
       be displayed should indicate hhzz.

       Terminals which ignore a line-feed immediately after an aamm
       wrap, such as the Concept and vt100, should indicate xxeennll.

       If eell is required to  get  rid  of  standout  (instead  of
       merely  writing  normal  text on top of it), xxhhpp should be
       given.

       Teleray terminals, where tabs turn  all  characters  moved
       over  to  blanks,  should  indicate xxtt (destructive tabs).
       Note:   the    variable    indicating    this    is    now
       `dest_tabs_magic_smso';  in  older  versions,  it was tel-
       eray_glitch.  This glitch is also taken to mean that it is
       not  possible  to  position the cursor on top of a ``magic
       cookie'', that to erase standout mode it is instead neces-
       sary to use delete and insert line.  The ncurses implemen-
       tation ignores this glitch.

       The Beehive Superbee, which is unable to correctly  trans-
       mit  the escape or control C characters, has xxssbb, indicat-
       ing that the f1 key is used for escape and f2 for  control
       C.   (Only  certain Superbees have this problem, depending



                                                               27





()                                                             ()


       on the ROM.)  Note that in older terminfo  versions,  this
       capability   was   called   `beehive_glitch';  it  is  now
       `no_esc_ctl_c'.

       Other specific  terminal  problems  may  be  corrected  by
       adding more capabilities of the form xx_x.


   SSiimmiillaarr TTeerrmmiinnaallss
       If  there  are  two  very  similar  terminals,  one can be
       defined as being just like the other with  certain  excep-
       tions.   The  string  capability uussee can be given with the
       name of the  similar  terminal.   The  capabilities  given
       before  uussee override those in the terminal type invoked by
       uussee.  A capability can be cancelled by placing xxxx@@ to  the
       left  of  the capability definition, where xx is the capa-
       bility.  For example, the entry

                   2621-nl, smkx@, rmkx@, use=2621,

       defines a 2621-nl that does not  have  the  ssmmkkxx  or  rrmmkkxx
       capabilities,  and hence does not turn on the function key
       labels when in visual mode.  This is useful for  different
       modes for a terminal, or for different user preferences.

EEXXTTEENNSSIIOONNSS
       Some  SVr4  ccuurrsseess  implementations,  and  all previous to
       SVr4, don't interpret the %A and %O operators in parameter
       strings.   SVr4  curses  does  not  document  a use of the
       rrmmppcchh/ssmmppcchh pair, but the nnccuurrsseess implementation  uses  it
       to enable/disable ROM character display.

       SVr4/XPG4  do  not  specify whether mmssggrr licenses movement
       while in an alternate-character-set mode (such modes  may,
       among other things, map CR and NL to characters that don't
       trigger  local  motions).   The   nnccuurrsseess   implementation
       ignores  mmssggrr  in  AALLTTCCHHAARRSSEETT and AA__PPCCCCHHAARRSSEETT modes.  This
       raises the possibility that an XPG4 implementation  making
       the opposite interpretation may need terminfo entries made
       for nnccuurrsseess to have mmssggrr turned off.

       The (nnccuurrsseess) library handles insert-character and insert-
       character modes in a slightly non-standard way in order to
       get better update efficiency.  See the IInnsseerrtt//DDeelleettee CChhaarr--
       aacctteerr subsection above.

       The  following obsolete nonstandard capabilities are auto-
       matically translated into terminfo capabilities:
             Nonstd   Std    From           Terminfo
              name    name                 capability
             BO       mr     AT&T    enter_reverse_mode
             CI       vi     AT&T    cursor_invisible
             CV       ve     AT&T    cursor_normal




                                                               28





()                                                             ()


             DS       mh     AT&T    enter_dim_mode
             EE       me     AT&T    exit_attribute_mode
             FE       LF     AT&T    label_on
             FL       LO     AT&T    label_off
             XS       mk     AT&T    enter_secure_mode
             EN       @7     XENIX   key_end
             GE       ae     XENIX   exit_alt_charset_mode
             GS       as     XENIX   enter_alt_charset_mode
             HM       kh     XENIX   key_home
             LD       kL     XENIX   key_dl
             PD       kN     XENIX   key_npage
             PN       po     XENIX   prtr_off
             PS       pf     XENIX   prtr_on
             PU       kP     XENIX   key_ppage
             RT       @8     XENIX   kent
             UP       ku     XENIX   kcuu1

FFIILLEESS
       @TERMINFO@/?/*           files     containing     terminal
                                descriptions

SSEEEE AALLSSOO
       tic(1m), curses(3X), printf(3S), term(5).

AAUUTTHHOORRSS
       Zeyd  M.  Ben-Halim,  Eric  S. Raymond.  Descends from the
       original pcurses by Pavel Curtis.






























                                                               29


