Contents

# Index

_

## _

_IEEE_

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

_LIB_VERSION

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

_POSIX_

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

_SVID_

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

_XOPEN_

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

## A

absolute value (magnitude)

fabs, fabsf[absolute value (magnitude)]

acos

acos, acosf[arc cosine]

acos, acosf[arc cosine]

acos, acosf[arc cosine]

acosh

acosh, acoshf[inverse hyperbolic cosine]

acosh, acoshf[inverse hyperbolic cosine]

acosh, acoshf[inverse hyperbolic cosine]

acoshf

acosh, acoshf[inverse hyperbolic cosine]

alternative declarations

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

applications in engineering and physics

jN, jNf, yN, yNf[Bessel functions]

arc cosine

acos, acosf[arc cosine]

arc sine

asin, asinf[arc sine]

arc tangent

atan, atanf[arc tangent]
atan2, atan2f[arc tangent of y/x]

arc tangent of y/x

atan2, atan2f[arc tangent of y/x]

arg1

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

arg2

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

asin

asin, asinf[arc sine]

asin, asinf[arc sine]

asin, asinf[arc sine]

asinf

asin, asinf[arc sine]

asinh

asinh, asinhf[inverse hyperbolic sine]

asinh, asinhf[inverse hyperbolic sine]

asinh, asinhf[inverse hyperbolic sine]

asinhf

asinh, asinhf[inverse hyperbolic sine]

atan

atan, atanf[arc tangent]

atan, atanf[arc tangent]

atan, atanf[arc tangent]

atan2

atan2, atan2f[arc tangent of y/x]

atan2, atan2f[arc tangent of y/x]

atan2, atan2f[arc tangent of y/x]

atan2f

atan2, atan2f[arc tangent of y/x]

atanf

atan, atanf[arc tangent]

atanh

atanh, atanhf[inverse hyperbolic tangent]

atanh, atanhf[inverse hyperbolic tangent]

atanh, atanhf[inverse hyperbolic tangent]

atanhf

atanh, atanhf[inverse hyperbolic tangent]

## B

base 10 logarithm

log10, log10f[base 10 logarithms]

Bessel functions

jN, jNf, yN, yNf[Bessel functions]

bit representation

fabs, fabsf[absolute value (magnitude)]

## C

Cartesian coordinates

hypot, hypotf[distance from origin]

cbrt

cbrt, cbrtf[cube root]

cbrt, cbrtf[cube root]

cbrt, cbrtf[cube root]

cbrtf

cbrt, cbrtf[cube root]

ceil

floor, floorf, ceil, ceilf[floor and ceiling]

ceilf

floor, floorf, ceil, ceilf[floor and ceiling]

ceiling function

floor, floorf, ceil, ceilf[floor and ceiling]

copysign

copysign, copysignf[sign of y, magnitude of x]

copysign, copysignf[sign of y, magnitude of x]

copysign, copysignf[sign of y, magnitude of x]

copysignf

copysign, copysignf[sign of y, magnitude of x]

cos

sin, sinf, cos, cosf[sine or cosine]

cosf

sin, sinf, cos, cosf[sine or cosine]

cosh

cosh, coshf[hyperbolic cosine]

cosh, coshf[hyperbolic cosine]

cosh, coshf[hyperbolic cosine]

coshf

cosh, coshf[hyperbolic cosine]

cosine

sin, sinf, cos, cosf[sine or cosine]

cube root

cbrt, cbrtf[cube root]

## D

distance from origin

hypot, hypotf[distance from origin]

DOMAIN

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

DOMAIN error

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

double precision number

nextafter, nextafterf[get next number]

## E

e, logarithm

log, logf[natural logarithms]
exp, expf[exponential]
expm1, expm1f[exponential minus 1]

EDOM

sqrt, sqrtf[positive square root]

engineering

jN, jNf, yN, yNf[Bessel functions]

ERANGE

hypot, hypotf[distance from origin]
gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]
sinh, sinhf[hyperbolic sine]
ldexp, ldexpf[load exponent]
cosh, coshf[hyperbolic cosine]

erf

erf, erff, erfc, erfcf[error function]

erf, erff, erfc, erfcf[error function]

erf, erff, erfc, erfcf[error function]

erfc

erf, erff, erfc, erfcf[error function]

erfcf

erf, erff, erfc, erfcf[error function]

erff

erf, erff, erfc, erfcf[error function]

err

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

errno

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]
matherr[modifiable math error handler]
Reentrancy Properties of libm
log, logf[natural logarithms]

error function

erf, erff, erfc, erfcf[error function]

error generation

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

error handlers

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

Euclidean distance

hypot, hypotf[distance from origin]

exception structure, defined

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

exp

exp, expf[exponential]

exp, expf[exponential]

exp, expf[exponential]

expf

exp, expf[exponential]

expm1

expm1, expm1f[exponential minus 1]

expm1, expm1f[exponential minus 1]

expm1, expm1f[exponential minus 1]

expm1f

expm1, expm1f[exponential minus 1]

exponent loading

ldexp, ldexpf[load exponent]

exponential

pow, powf[x to the power y]
scalbn, scalbnf[scale by integer]

exponentials

expm1, expm1f[exponential minus 1]
exp, expf[exponential]

## F

fabs

fabs, fabsf[absolute value (magnitude)]

fabs, fabsf[absolute value (magnitude)]

fabs, fabsf[absolute value (magnitude)]

fabsf

fabs, fabsf[absolute value (magnitude)]

fastmath.h

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

finite

isnan, isnanf, isinf, isinff, finite, finitef[test for exceptional numbers]

finitef

isnan, isnanf, isinf, isinff, finite, finitef[test for exceptional numbers]

floating point numbers, single precision

isnan, isnanf, isinf, isinff, finite, finitef[test for exceptional numbers]

floating point, exponent

ilogb, ilogbf[get exponent of floating point number]

floating-point remainder

fmod, fmodf[floating-point remainder (modulo)]

floor

floor, floorf, ceil, ceilf[floor and ceiling]

floor function

floor, floorf, ceil, ceilf[floor and ceiling]

floor, floorf, ceil, ceilf[floor and ceiling]

floor, floorf, ceil, ceilf[floor and ceiling]

floorf

floor, floorf, ceil, ceilf[floor and ceiling]

fmod

fmod, fmodf[floating-point remainder (modulo)]

fmod, fmodf[floating-point remainder (modulo)]

fmod, fmodf[floating-point remainder (modulo)]

fmodf

fmod, fmodf[floating-point remainder (modulo)]

fputs

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

fractional and integer parts

modf, modff[split fractional and integer parts]

frexp

frexp, frexpf[split floating-point number]
ilogb, ilogbf[get exponent of floating point number]

frexp, frexpf[split floating-point number]

frexp, frexpf[split floating-point number]

frexpf

ilogb, ilogbf[get exponent of floating point number]
frexp, frexpf[split floating-point number]

## G

gamma

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

gamma_r

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

gammaf

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

gammaf_r

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

## H

HUGE_VAL

log, logf[natural logarithms]
cosh, coshf[hyperbolic cosine]
hypot, hypotf[distance from origin]
sinh, sinhf[hyperbolic sine]
gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]
Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

hyperbolic cosine

cosh, coshf[hyperbolic cosine]

hyperbolic sine

sinh, sinhf[hyperbolic sine]

hyperbolic tangent

tanh, tanhf[hyperbolic tangent]

hypot

hypot, hypotf[distance from origin]

hypot, hypotf[distance from origin]

hypot, hypotf[distance from origin]

hypotf

hypot, hypotf[distance from origin]

## I

IEEE

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')
nan, nanf[representation of infinity]

IEEE infinity

infinity, infinityf[representation of infinity]

ilogb

ilogb, ilogbf[get exponent of floating point number]

ilogb, ilogbf[get exponent of floating point number]

ilogb, ilogbf[get exponent of floating point number]

ilogbf

ilogb, ilogbf[get exponent of floating point number]

infinity

isnan, isnanf, isinf, isinff, finite, finitef[test for exceptional numbers]
infinity, infinityf[representation of infinity]

infinity representation

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

infinity, infinityf[representation of infinity]

infinity, infinityf[representation of infinity]

infinityf

infinity, infinityf[representation of infinity]

INT_MAX

ilogb, ilogbf[get exponent of floating point number]

inverse hyperbolic cosine

acosh, acoshf[inverse hyperbolic cosine]

inverse hyperbolic sine

asinh, asinhf[inverse hyperbolic sine]

inverse hyperbolic tangent

atanh, atanhf[inverse hyperbolic tangent]

isinf

isnan, isnanf, isinf, isinff, finite, finitef[test for exceptional numbers]

isinff

isnan, isnanf, isinf, isinff, finite, finitef[test for exceptional numbers]

isnan

isnan, isnanf, isinf, isinff, finite, finitef[test for exceptional numbers]

isnan, isnanf, isinf, isinff, finite, finitef[test for exceptional numbers]

isnan, isnanf, isinf, isinff, finite, finitef[test for exceptional numbers]

isnanf

isnan, isnanf, isinf, isinff, finite, finitef[test for exceptional numbers]

## J

jn

jN, jNf, yN, yNf[Bessel functions]

jN, jNf, yN, yNf[Bessel functions]

jN, jNf, yN, yNf[Bessel functions]

jnf

jN, jNf, yN, yNf[Bessel functions]

## L

ldexp

ldexp, ldexpf[load exponent]

ldexp, ldexpf[load exponent]

ldexp, ldexpf[load exponent]

ldexpf

ldexp, ldexpf[load exponent]

lgamma

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

lgamma_r

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

lgammaf

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

lgammaf_r

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

log

log, logf[natural logarithms]

log of 1+x

log1p, log1pf[log of 1 + x]

log, logf[natural logarithms]

log, logf[natural logarithms]

log10

log10, log10f[base 10 logarithms]

log10, log10f[base 10 logarithms]

log10, log10f[base 10 logarithms]

log10f

log10, log10f[base 10 logarithms]

log1p

log1p, log1pf[log of 1 + x]

log1p, log1pf[log of 1 + x]

log1p, log1pf[log of 1 + x]

log1pf

log1p, log1pf[log of 1 + x]

logarithmic gamma function

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

logf

log, logf[natural logarithms]

## M

magnitude of x

copysign, copysignf[sign of y, magnitude of x]

mantissa

frexp, frexpf[split floating-point number]

math.h

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')
matherr[modifiable math error handler]

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

matherr

matherr[modifiable math error handler]
pow, powf[x to the power y]
Reentrancy Properties of libm
gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]
log, logf[natural logarithms]
Mathematical Functions ('math.h')
cosh, coshf[hyperbolic cosine]
sqrt, sqrtf[positive square root]

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

modf

modf, modff[split fractional and integer parts]

modf, modff[split fractional and integer parts]

modf, modff[split fractional and integer parts]

modff

modf, modff[split fractional and integer parts]

modulo

fmod, fmodf[floating-point remainder (modulo)]

## N

name

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

nan

nan, nanf[representation of infinity]
isnan, isnanf, isinf, isinff, finite, finitef[test for exceptional numbers]

nan, nanf[representation of infinity]

nan, nanf[representation of infinity]

nanf

nan, nanf[representation of infinity]

natural logarithms

log, logf[natural logarithms]

natural system of logarithms

expm1, expm1f[exponential minus 1]

nextafter

nextafter, nextafterf[get next number]

nextafter, nextafterf[get next number]

nextafter, nextafterf[get next number]

nextafterf

nextafter, nextafterf[get next number]

## O

overflow

ldexp, ldexpf[load exponent]
matherr[modifiable math error handler]

## P

physics

jN, jNf, yN, yNf[Bessel functions]

PLOSS

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

positive square root

sqrt, sqrtf[positive square root]

POSIX

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

pow

pow, powf[x to the power y]

pow, powf[x to the power y]

pow, powf[x to the power y]

powf

pow, powf[x to the power y]

precision arithmetic

infinity, infinityf[representation of infinity]
nan, nanf[representation of infinity]

precision arithmetic:double

nan, nanf[representation of infinity]

precision arithmetic:single

nan, nanf[representation of infinity]

## R

reentrancy properties of libm

Reentrancy Properties of libm
Reentrancy Properties of libm

reentrant calls

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

remainder

rint, rintf, remainder, remainderf[round and remainder]

remainderf

rint, rintf, remainder, remainderf[round and remainder]

retval

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

rint

rint, rintf, remainder, remainderf[round and remainder]

rint, rintf, remainder, remainderf[round and remainder]

rint, rintf, remainder, remainderf[round and remainder]

rintf

rint, rintf, remainder, remainderf[round and remainder]

round and remainder

rint, rintf, remainder, remainderf[round and remainder]

## S

scalbn

scalbn, scalbnf[scale by integer]

scalbn, scalbnf[scale by integer]

scalbn, scalbnf[scale by integer]

scalbnf

scalbn, scalbnf[scale by integer]

scale by integer

scalbn, scalbnf[scale by integer]

sign of y

copysign, copysignf[sign of y, magnitude of x]

signgam

gamma, gammaf, lgamma, lgammaf, gamma_r, gammaf_r, lgamma_r, lgammaf_r[logarithmic gamma function]

sin

sin, sinf, cos, cosf[sine or cosine]

sin, sinf, cos, cosf[sine or cosine]

sin, sinf, cos, cosf[sine or cosine]

sine

sin, sinf, cos, cosf[sine or cosine]

sine and cosine

sin, sinf, cos, cosf[sine or cosine]

sinf

sin, sinf, cos, cosf[sine or cosine]

SING

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

single precision number

nextafter, nextafterf[get next number]

sinh

sinh, sinhf[hyperbolic sine]

sinh, sinhf[hyperbolic sine]

sinh, sinhf[hyperbolic sine]

sinhf

sinh, sinhf[hyperbolic sine]

split floating-point number

frexp, frexpf[split floating-point number]

sqrt

sqrt, sqrtf[positive square root]

sqrt, sqrtf[positive square root]

sqrt, sqrtf[positive square root]

sqrtf

sqrt, sqrtf[positive square root]

structure exception

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

SVID

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

## T

tan

tan, tanf[tangent]

tan, tanf[tangent]

tan, tanf[tangent]

tanf

tan, tanf[tangent]

tangent

tan, tanf[tangent]

tanh

tanh, tanhf[hyperbolic tangent]

tanh, tanhf[hyperbolic tangent]

tanh, tanhf[hyperbolic tangent]

tanhf

tanh, tanhf[hyperbolic tangent]

thread safe properties

Reentrancy Properties of libm

threads

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

TLOSS

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

type

matherr[modifiable math error handler]

## U

underflow

ldexp, ldexpf[load exponent]
matherr[modifiable math error handler]

## V

variables

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

versions of math routines

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

## W

warning messages

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

## X

X/Open

Mathematical Functions ('math.h')

## Y

yn

jN, jNf, yN, yNf[Bessel functions]

ynf

jN, jNf, yN, yNf[Bessel functions]