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Complex Makefile Example

The following is the makefile for the GNU tar program. This is a moderately complex makefile.

Because it is the first target, the default goal is ‘all’. An interesting feature of this makefile is that ‘testpad.h’ is a source file automatically created by the testpad program, itself compiled from ‘testpad.c’.

If you type ‘make’ or ‘make all’, then make creates the ‘tar’ executable, the ‘rmt’ daemon that provides remote tape access, and the ‘tar.info’ Info file.

If you type ‘make install’, then make not only creates ‘tar’, ‘rmt’, and ‘tar.info’, but also installs them.

If you type ‘make clean’, then make removes the ‘.o’ files, and the ‘tar’, ‘rmt’, ‘testpad’, ‘testpad.h’, and ‘core’ files.

If you type ‘make distclean’, then make not only removes the same files as does ‘make clean’ but also the ‘TAGS’, ‘Makefile’, and ‘config.status’ files. (Although it is not evident, this makefile (and ‘config.status’) is generated by the user with the configure program which is provided in the tar distribution; not shown here.)

If you type ‘make realclean’, then make removes the same files as does ‘make distclean’ and also removes the Info files generated from ‘tar.texinfo’.

In addition, there are targets shar and dist that create distribution kits.

# Generated automatically from Makefile.in by configure.
# Un*x Makefile for GNU tar program.
# Copyright (C) 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This program is free software; you can redistribute
# it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
# General Public License...
...
...
SHELL = /bin/sh
#### Start of system configuration section. ####
srcdir = .

# If you use gcc, you should either run the
# fixincludes script that comes with it or else use
# gcc with the -traditional option. Otherwise ioctl
# calls will be compiled incorrectly on some systems.
CC = gcc -O
YACC = bison -y
INSTALL = /usr/local/bin/install -c
INSTALLDATA = /usr/local/bin/install -c -m 644
# Things you might add to DEFS:
# -DSTDC_HEADERS If you have ANSI C headers and
# libraries.
# -DPOSIX If you have POSIX.1 headers and
# libraries.
# -DBSD42 If you have sys/dir.h (unless
# you use -DPOSIX), sys/file.h,
# and st_blocks in ‘struct stat’.
# -DUSG If you have System V/ANSI C
# string and memory functions
# and headers, sys/sysmacros.h,
# fcntl.h, getcwd, no valloc,
# and ndir.h (unless
# you use -DDIRENT).
# -DNO_MEMORY_H If USG or STDC_HEADERS but do not
# include memory.h.
# -DDIRENT If USG and you have dirent.h
# instead of ndir.h.
# -DSIGTYPE=int If your signal handlers
# return int, not void.
# -DNO_MTIO If you lack sys/mtio.h
# (magtape ioctls).
# -DNO_REMOTE If you do not have a remote shell
# or rexec.
# -DUSE_REXEC To use rexec for remote tape
# operations instead of
# forking rsh or remsh.
# -DVPRINTF_MISSING If you lack vprintf function
# (but have _doprnt).
# -DDOPRNT_MISSING If you lack _doprnt function.
# Also need to define
# -DVPRINTF_MISSING.
# -DFTIME_MISSING If you lack ftime system call.
# -DSTRSTR_MISSING If you lack strstr function.
# -DVALLOC_MISSING If you lack valloc function.
# -DMKDIR_MISSING If you lack mkdir and
# rmdir system calls.
# -DRENAME_MISSING If you lack rename system call.
# -DFTRUNCATE_MISSING If you lack ftruncate
# system call.
# -DV7 On Version 7 Unix (not
# tested in a long time).
# -DEMUL_OPEN3 If you lack a 3-argument version
# of open, and want to emulate it
# with system calls you do have.

# -DNO_OPEN3 If you lack the 3-argument open
# and want to disable the tar -k
# option instead of emulating open.
# -DXENIX If you have sys/inode.h
# and need it 94 to be included.
DEFS = -DSIGTYPE=int -DDIRENT -DSTRSTR_MISSING \
-DVPRINTF_MISSING -DBSD42
# Set this to rtapelib.o unless you defined NO_REMOTE,
# in which case make it empty.
RTAPELIB = rtapelib.o
LIBS =
DEF_AR_FILE = /dev/rmt8
DEFBLOCKING = 20
CDEBUG = -g
CFLAGS = $(CDEBUG) -I. -I$(srcdir) $(DEFS) \
-DDEF_AR_FILE=\ “$(DEF_AR_FILE)\” \
-DDEFBLOCKING=$(DEFBLOCKING)
LDFLAGS = -g
prefix = /usr/local
# Prefix for each installed program,
# normally empty or ‘g’.
binprefix =
# The directory to install tar in.
bindir = $(prefix)/bin
# The directory to install the info files in.
infodir = $(prefix)/info
#### End of system configuration section. ####
SRC1 = tar.c create.c extract.c buffer.c \
getoldopt.c update.c gnu.c mangle.c
SRC2 = version.c list.c names.c diffarch.c \
port.c wildmat.c getopt.c
SRC3 = getopt1.c regex.c getdate.y
SRCS = $(SRC1) $(SRC2) $(SRC3)
OBJ1 = tar.o create.o extract.o buffer.o \
getoldopt.o update.o gnu.o mangle.o
OBJ2 = version.o list.o names.o diffarch.o \
port.o wildmat.o getopt.o
OBJ3 = getopt1.o regex.o getdate.o $(RTAPELIB)
OBJS = $(OBJ1) $(OBJ2) $(OBJ3)
AUX = README COPYING ChangeLog Makefile.in \
makefile.pc configure configure.in \
tar.texinfo tar.info* texinfo.tex \
tar.h port.h open3.h getopt.h regex.h \
rmt.h rmt.c rtapelib.c alloca.c \
msd_dir.h msd_dir.c tcexparg.c \
level-0 level-1 backup-specs testpad.c
all: tar rmt tar.info
tar: $(OBJS)
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(LIBS)

rmt: rmt.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ rmt.c
tar.info: tar.texinfo
makeinfo tar.texinfo
install: all
$(INSTALL) tar $(bindir)/$(binprefix)tar
-test ! -f rmt || $(INSTALL) rmt /etc/rmt
$(INSTALLDATA) $(srcdir)/tar.info* $(infodir)
$(OBJS): tar.h port.h testpad.h
regex.o buffer.o tar.o: regex.h
# getdate.y has 8 shift/reduce conflicts.
testpad.h: testpad
./testpad
testpad: testpad.o
$(CC) -o $@ testpad.o
TAGS: $(SRCS)
etags $(SRCS)
clean:
rm -f *.o tar rmt testpad testpad.h core
distclean: clean
rm -f TAGS Makefile config.status
realclean: distclean
rm -f tar.info*
shar: $(SRCS) $(AUX)
shar $(SRCS) $(AUX) | compress \
> tar-‘sed -e ’/version_string/!d’ \
-e ’s/[ˆ0-9.]*\([0-9.]*\).*/\1/’ \
-e q
version.c‘.shar.Z
dist: $(SRCS) $(AUX)
echo tar-‘sed \
-e ’/version_string/!d’ \
-e ’s/[ˆ0-9.]*\([0-9.]*\).*/\1/’ \
-e q
version.c‘ > .fname
-rm -rf ‘cat .fname‘
mkdir ‘cat .fname‘
ln $(SRCS) $(AUX) ‘cat .fname‘
-rm -rf ‘cat .fname‘ .fname
tar chZf ‘cat .fname‘.tar.Z ‘cat .fname‘
tar.zoo: $(SRCS) $(AUX)
-rm -rf tmp.dir
-mkdir tmp.dir
-rm tar.zoo
for X in $(SRCS) $(AUX) ; do \
echo $$X ; \
sed ’s/$$/ˆM/’ $$X \
> tmp.dir/$$X ; done
cd tmp.dir ; zoo aM ../tar.zoo *
-rm -rf tmp.dir