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# GNU C++ Iostream Library
A Reference for libio

Copyright © 1993-1997 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this documentation provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this documentation under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this documentation into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.

libio includes software developed by the University of California, Berkeley.

libio uses floating-point software, written by David M. Gay, which includes the following notice.

The author of this software is David M. Gay.

Copyright © 1991 by AT&T.

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any purpose without fee is hereby granted, provided that this entire notice is included in all copies of any software which is or includes a copy or modification of this software and in all copies of the supporting documentation for such software.

THIS SOFTWARE IS BEING PROVIDED “AS IS,” WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY. IN PARTICULAR, NEITHER THE AUTHOR NOR AT&T MAKES ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND CONCERNING THE MERCHANTABILITY OF THIS SOFTWARE OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

This document was written by: Per Bothner (bothner@cygnus.com) and Roland Pesch.

This documentation has been prepared by Cygnus Technical Publications; to contact the Cygnus Solutions Technical Publications staff, email: doc@cygnus.com.

Copyright © 1993-1997 Cygnus Support. All rights reserved.

GNUPro™, the GNUPro™ logo, and the Cygnus Solutions logo are trademarks of Cygnus Solutions. All other brand and product names are trademarks of their respective owners.

The following documentation discusses the GNU C++ Iostreams Library.

- INTRODUCTION TO IOSTREAMS

- Licensing Terms for libio
- Acknowledgments

- OPERATORS AND DEFAULT STREAMS
- STREAM CLASSES
- SHARED PROPERTIES: CLASS ios

- Checking the state of a stream
- Choices in formatting
- Changing stream properties using manipulators
- Extended data fields
- Synchronizing related streams
- Reaching the underlying streambuf

- MANAGING OUTPUT STREAMS: CLASS ostream

- Writing on an ostream
- Repositioning an ostream
- Miscellaneous ostream utilities

- MANAGING INPUT STREAMS: CLASS istream

- Reading one character
- Reading strings
- Repositioning an istream
- Miscellaneous istream utilities

- INPUT AND OUTPUT TOGETHER: CLASS iostream
- CLASSES FOR FILES AND STRINGS
- READING AND WRITING FILES
- READING AND WRITING IN MEMORY
- USING THE streambuf LAYER

- Areas of a streambuf
- Simple output re-direction by redefining overflow
- C-style formatting for streambuf objects
- Wrappers for C stdio
- Reading/writing from/to a pipe
- Backing up
- Forwarding I/O activity

- C INPUT AND OUTPUT
- INDEX