Copyright: Copyright 1992 Intel Corp. World rights reserved.


P/GX Informational Help File - Main Menu
Professional/GX Informational Help File - Main Menu	Last updated May 20, 1993

Professional/GX Technical Information is Organized under the following subjects:

Intel Product Update Bulletin (iPUB)	General Product Information
General Section Menu	Product/Order Codes
Board Product History Menu	Certification Letters Menu
System Product History	Known Issues Menu
BIOS History Menu	CMOS Setup Usage
Software Driver Menu	Regulatory Certifications Menu
Orderable Spare Parts List	Shipping Contents
Quick Product Reference	Related Products
	System Memory Menu
Technical Product Summary Information

Introduction to the Professional/GX	System Features Menu
System Resources	Differentiators Menu
Benchmark Report	Additional Information


iPUB P/GX General Information Menu
iPUB Professional/GX Information Menu

SCSI CONFIGURATION

VIDEO CONFIGURATION


SCSI Configurations

January 1993

There are a few issues that could provide obsticles when configuring the SCSI interface. Professional/GX .

Issue #1:

When installing the SCSI drivers the system will hang if the SCSI option is disabled.

Explanation:

The SETUP.EXE on the SCSI driver diskette executes EZSCSI.EXE.  If the SCSI option is disabled EZSCSI.EXE not recognize this, and hangs.

Solution:  Make sure SCSI is enabled while trying to run the SETUP.EXE for SCSI.  A time out may be incorporated in the driver at a later date.

Issue #2:

Failure with some Synchronous SCSI devices on the initial release fabs.

Explanation:

Some synchronous SCSI devices have difficulties when the Pro/GX's 6260 initiates synchronous negotiation.  Currently the /U- option does not disable synchronous negotiation properly, it will hang the system on boot up.  All initial fabs are currently affected by this anomaly.S2 SCSI BIOS Version

Solution:

Currently the only solution is to disable synchronous negotiations on the peripheral or not use synchronous devices. This will be fixed in a future fab.

Issue #3:

Initial release fabs can't access over 1GB SCSI drives.

Explanation:

There is a 1GB drive size limit using standard SCSI interface without a translation table.  This limitation is called 64/32 Translation. The formula works out to be 1MB per cylinder.

[64 heads X 32 sectors X 512 bytes/sector] = 1MB per cylinder

The maximum number of cylinders that DOS allows using INT 13 is 1024.So ... the 64/32 translation results in 1MB per cylinder X 1024 = 1GB If the disk exceeds 1GB it will work fine, but only 1GB is accessible.

Solution:

The Professional/GX currently supports no work arounds to this SCSI limitation, however, the new extended translation may be incorporated into P/GX in a future revision. The new translation supports 255 heads X 63 sectors.  255 was picked to avoid a Netware conflict and 63 sectors is the maximum allowable. The ET allows access up to 8GB.To support this P/GX will need to modify both the fab and bios. Fab change will be for the 6360, and BIOS to support the component.

Issue #4:

ASPICD.SYS hangs with SCSI disabled.

Explanation:

The CDROM driver, ASPICD.SYS, doesn't know that ASPI2DOS.SYS detected no SCSI devices and didn't load. The CDROM driver will try and load, but ASPI2DOS.SYS is not present and will hang the system.

Solution:

Do not load ASPICD.SYS without and an active ASPI driver loaded first. If your CONFIG.SYS looked something like this:

device=C:\DRIVERS\ADAPTEC\ASPI2DOS.SYS /D /Z

device=C:\DRIVERS\ADAPTEC\ASPICD.SYS /D:ASPICD0You will want to comment out your ASPICD.SYS line if SCSI is disabled for any reason since ASPI2DOS won't load.

Issue #5:

System will not boot with floppy disabled and SCSI enabled.

Explanation:

This is a BIOS problem with the inital release fabs, the system will hang in a no floppy/SCSI configuration.

Solution:

There is no fix for this configuration at this time 2/9/93.  To be fixed in a future fab.


Video Configuration
VIDEO

There is one major video configuration that needs to be addressed as soon as you boot DOS on the Professional/GX.  It is to configure the EEProm for the ATI video interface.  ATI's 68800 uses a EEProm to set its video scan rates for your monitor.  Before Windows or any other graphics packages will work correclty you must insert the DOS Driver Setup and Hardware Configuration For Video diskette and then run SETUP.EXE. In the case of OS2 please read the manual for the correct installation steps with the Video.


Professional/GX Board Product History
Board Product History

May, 1993

PBA: 518379	 	(DX266, DX33, SX33)

High resolution Base PBA (1280X1024)

Version -001 to -005

Early engineering samples, not for resale.  Not supported.

Version -006 	Initial Release. Effective December, 1992

BIOS 1.00.03.Y1 PROMs

Keyboard Controller	Version 1.25

Schematic No. 611490

Video BIOS/Component revision	3.1/Rev. 3

SCSI BIOS/Component Revison	6260

Version -007	effective Febuary, 1993

Audio Fix: Change in the PBA to fix a DC offset in the audio amplification stage.

BIOS 1.00.03.Y1 PROMs

Keyboard Controller	Version 1.25

Schematic No. 611490

Video BIOS/Component revision	3.1/Rev. 3

SCSI BIOS/Component Revison	6260

PBA: 612418 	(DX266, DX33, SX33)

High resolution Base PBA (1280X1024)

Version -001	effective April 1, 1993

Introduction of FAB C.

Adaptec 6360 replaced the 6260. Offers a faster SCSI II interface when drivers become available.

WD16C452 replaced with TI16C552. This change added FIFO to the serial ports.

DMA 7 support for both IDE and SCSI.

DMA support for Audio changed from 5 and 6, to 3 and 6.

Hardware support for 2.88MB floppy detection.

BIOS 1.00.04.Y2 PROMs

Keyboard Controller	Version 1.25

Schematic No. 611490

Video BIOS/Component revision	3.1/Rev. 3

SCSI BIOS/Component Revison	6360

PBA: 519159	(DX266, DX33)

Standard resolution Base PBA (1024X768)

Versions -001 thru -006

Early engineering samples, not for resale.  Not supported.

Version -007	effective Febuary, 1993

Initial design release version of the standard resolution baseboard with audio fix in place.

BIOS 1.00.03.Y1 PROMs

Keyboard Controller	Ver. 1.25

Schematic No. 611490

Video BIOS/Component revision	3.1/Rev. 3

SCSI BIOS/Component Revison	6260

PBA: 612583	(DX266, DX33)

Standard resolution Base PBA (1024X768)

Version -001	effective April 1, 1993

Introduction of FAB C.

Adaptec 6360 replaced the 6260. Offers a faster SCSI II interface when drivers become available.

WD16C452 replaced with TI16C552. This change added FIFO to the serial ports.

DMA 7 support for both IDE and SCSI.

DMA support for Audio changed from 5 and 6, to 3 and 6.

Hardware support for 2.88MB floppy detection.

Sockets added to accept VRAM upgrade kit.

BIOS 1.00.04.Y2 PROMs

Keyboard Controller	Version 1.25

Schematic No. 611490

Video BIOS/Component revision	3.1/Rev. 3

SCSI BIOS/Component Revison	6360


Professional/GX System
Professional/GX System History

Product Codes	Features
L486D2668FAH	66MHz i486DX2 System, 8 MB, 1.4 MB floppy, 64K cache, 1280x1024, IDE cable
L486DX338FAH	33MHz i486DX System, 8 MB, 1.4 MB floppy, NO cache, 1280x1024, IDE cable
L486D2668FAS	66 MHz i486DX2 System, 8 MB, 1.4 MB floppy, 64K cache, 1024x768, IDE cable
L486DX334FAS	33 MHz i486DX System, 4 MB, 1.4 MB floppy, NO cache, 1024x768, IDE cable
L486SX334FAS	33 MHz i486SX System, 4 MB, 1.4 MB floppy, NO cache, 1024x768, IDE cable
*all systems ship with floppy only

System Sub-Assembly	P/N	Engineering Changes
System Board Assembly
Motherboard	AA# for CPU  configurations
66MHz i486DX2, 1280x1024	519161-006	Initial Release
33MHz i486DX, 1280x1024	612057-001	Initial Release
66 MHz i486DX2, 1024x768	518930-006	Initial Release
33 MHz i486DX, 1024x768	518926-006	Inital Release
33 MHz i486SX, 1024x768	610998-005	Initial Release
EISA Riser	519292-001	Initial Release
Peripheral Riser	518970-001	Initial Release
Chassis	518916-001
Top Cover Assembly	519303-001	Initial Release
Chassis Base Assembly	518920-001	Initial Release
Power Supply	201471-005	Initial Release
Floppy Drive	xxxxxx	Initial Release
Shipping Carton	xxxxxx	Initial Release
Country Kits
GX486US	611362-001	Initial Release
GX486EUR	n/a	Initial Release
System Sub-Assembly	P/N	Engineering Changes
System Board Assembly
Motherboard	AA# for CPU  configurations
66MHz i486DX2, 1280x1024	519161-007	Initial Release
33MHz i486DX, 1280x1024	612057-002	Initial Release
66 MHz i486DX2, 1024x768	518930-007	Initial Release
33 MHz i486DX, 1024x768	518926-007	Inital Release
33 MHz i486SX, 1024x768	610998-006	Initial Release
EISA Riser	519292-001	Initial Release
Peripheral Riser	518970-001	Initial Release
Chassis	518916-001
Top Cover Assembly	519303-001	Initial Release
Chassis Base Assembly	518920-001	Initial Release
Power Supply	201471-005	Initial Release
Floppy Drive	xxxxxx	Initial Release
Shipping Carton	xxxxxx	Initial Release
Country Kits
GX486US	611362-001	Initial Release
GX486EUR	n/a	Initial Release
System Sub-Assembly	P/N	Engineering Changes
System Board Assembly
Motherboard	AA# for CPU  configurations
66MHz i486DX2, 1280x1024	612771-001	Initial Release
33MHz i486DX, 1280x1024	612770-001	Initial Release
66 MHz i486DX2, 1024x768	612769-001	Initial Release
33 MHz i486DX, 1024x768	612767-001	Inital Release
33 MHz i486SX, 1024x768	612772-001	Initial Release
EISA Riser	519292-001	Initial Release
Peripheral Riser	613662-001	Initial Release
Chassis	518916-001
Top Cover Assembly	519303-001	Initial Release
Chassis Base Assembly	518920-001	Initial Release
Power Supply	201471-005	Initial Release
Floppy Drive	xxxxxx	Initial Release
Shipping Carton	xxxxxx	Initial Release
Country Kits
GX486US	611362-001	Initial Release
GX486EUR	n/a	Initial Release


Professional/GX Orderable Spare Parts List
Orderable Spare Parts

INTEL PART NUMBER	DESCRIPTION
518916-001	Chassis complete (top & bottom)
519303-001	Cover Assy, Top
513360-001	Top Cover (plastic part)
513361-006	Front Bezel Assy
513362-010	Button Power
513363-001	Button Reset
513364-002	(2) Lite Pipe
610900-001	Top Shield Assy (2 welded brackets)
518920-001	Chassis Assy, Base
610205-002	Bezel Rear (plastic)
513371-001	Card Guide (plastic)
514862-001	Lock Block (plastic)
518921-001	Chassis Assy
518922-001	Base Assy (welded sheet mtl base)
610376-001	Foot Pad
610437-001	Side Label
610180-001	Drive Carrier
168073-001	Pnl I/O Filler Blank
103417-029	Screw
519300-001	ISA Panel
519301-001	I/O Shield

The following parts are available only in a kit.

The Spare Kit contains the following:

SPARE KITS AVAILABLE via STAR ORDERS
STAR ODER CODES	QTY() DESCRIPTION
L486D334SSPRKT1:
518926-006	(3) DX33, 4MB, No Cache, 1024 x 768 Video
201471-005	(4) Power Supply, 142 Watt
518970-001	(1) Peripheral Riser Card (includes cable)
519292-001	(1) EISA Riser Card
L486D668SSPRKT1:
518930-006	(3) D266, 8MB, 64K Cache, 1024 x 768 Video
201471-005	(4) Power Supply, 142 Watt
518970-001	(1) Peripheral Riser Card (includes cable)
519292-001	(1) EISA Riser Card
L486S334SSPRKT1:
610998-005	(3) SX33, 4MB, No Cache,  1024 x 768 Video
201471-005	(4) Power Supply, 142 Watt
518970-001	(1) Peripheral Riser Card (includes cable)
519292-001	(1) EISA Riser Card


Professional/GX BIOS History
BIOS History

April, 1993

Version  1.00.04.Y2	effective April 1, 1993

Support for new Y2 fab.

Change audio dma support from DMA channel 5 and 6 to DMA channel 3 and 6.

BIOS support 2.88MB floppy.

Hard disk support for both IDE and SCSI on DMA channel 7.

Incorporates the following:

Video BIOS 	V3.1

SCSI BIOS	S2

Keyboaord BIOS 	V1.25

January, 1993

Version  1.00.03.Y1	effective December, 1993

Initial production BIOS release.

Incorporates the following:

Video BIOS 	V3.1

SCSI BIOS	S2

Keyboaord BIOS 	V1.25


Professional/GX Software Driver Menu

Driver Descriptions	Driver History
DOS/Windows Drivers	Current Drivers
OS/2 Drivers	EISA Configuration Utility (ECU)
SCO Unix & ODT Drivers	Driver History


DOS/Windows Drivers

DOS and Windows drivers are included in the Base Software Kit shipped with the system.

VIDEO	Windows Driver Setup disk - provides high resolution video drivers for Windows V3.1 from 1280X1024 for the high resolution system, and 1024X768 for the standard resolution system. DOS Driver Setup disk - provides video drivers for the following: Autocad 10,11,12 AutoDesk 3D Studio AutoShade GEM Desktop Lotus 1-2-3  Lotus Symphony Microsoft Word Microstation OS2 2.0 Presentation Manager Ventura Publisher Wordperfect
SCSI	BIOS - supports basic DOS functions. Windows Drivers Setup disk- provides ASPI interface for Windows V3.1. DOS Driver Setup disk - provides ASPI driver support for DOS using the EZSCSI installation from Adaptec. NOTE: MSCDEX.EXE is not included on the SCSI driver diskette.  This file can be down loaded from Microsoft's BBS.
AUDIO	Windows Driver Setup disk - provides driver support for audio under Windows V3.1.

See also Current Drivers


OS/2 Drivers

	OS/2  V2.0	OS/2 2.1
Video	Included on the DOS Driver Setup disk  under Presentation Manager.	Driver not available until Q2 1993
SCSI	Embedded in OS2	Embedded in OS2 as an adaptec 1520 or 1522 add in card.
AUDIO	Audio is not supported under OS2	Audio is not supported under OS2


Unix Drivers
SCO Unix & ODT Drivers

	UNIX V.3.2	ODT 2.0 and 2.1
Video .	Video drivers provided by SCO in 8514/a mode.	Video drivers provided by SCO in 8514/a mode for ODT 2.0. Support for ATI's mach32 will be available for ODT 2.1.
SCSI	SCSI drivers are supported by SCO.	SCSI drivers are supported by SCO.
AUDIO	Not supported under SCO.	Not supported under SCO.


Professional/GX Current Software Drivers

May, 1993

Country Kit Drivers:	611362-004	US Country Kit, GX486US.

Country Kits include the following four diskettes:

R1.02, 612914-001	WINDOWS Driver Setup For Audio, SCSI, and Video

Windows 3.1 drivers.

R1.01, 612523-001	DOS Driver Setup and Hardware Configuration For Video

DOS application video drivers. Setup disk for EEprom and VGA 	shared memory.

R1.01, 612522-001 	DOS Driver Setup for SCSI

EZSCSI installation utility for SCSI interface.

613814-001,  R2.1	EISA Configuration Utility

New ECU to support both FAB B and C. Y1 and Y2 respectively.

SCO UNIX

No special drivers are available. SCO supports 8514/a video and the 6260 Adaptec interface as AHA 1520/1522.

OS/2

OS2 1.3 is not supported. OS2 2.0 Presentation manager is supported by a driver on the DOS Driver Setup diskette.

EISA Configuration Utility (ECU)

Driver History


Professional/GX ECU

May, 1993

613814-001 R2.1

Current ECU.

ECU S/W:	R2.1

CFG file:	Ver. 1.00

611365-001 R2.0

Initial Production release

ECU S/W:	R2.0

CFG file:	Ver. 1.02

Current Drivers

Driver History


 Professional/GX Driver History

May, 1993

WINDOWS Driver Setup For Audio, SCSI, and Video

R1.00, 611495-001	Initial release for FAH

R1.01, 611524-001	Updated readme files, and VGAshared=off was set to =on to solve 	some DOS box problem in windows for low resolution systems.

R1.02, 612914-001	Fixes some  Windows problems noted in the Known problem section of 	this document. This driver is the initial release for the low resolution 	system.

DOS Driver Setup and Hardware Configuration For Video

R1.00, 611364-001	Initial Release in

R1.01, 612523-001	Updated readme files

DOS Driver Setup for SCSI

R1.00, 611363-001	Initial Release

R1.01, 612522-001	Updated readme files

EISA Configuration Utility

611365-001, R2.0 	Initial release.

613814-001, R2.1 	New Release in 4/93

Support for Fab Y1 and Y2.

Country Kit

611362-001	Initial Release of the follwing drivers:

611365-001, R2.0   (ECU)

R1.00, 611363-001 (SCSI)

R1.00, 611364-001 (DOS)

R1.00, 611495-001 (Windows)

611362-002	Included Release of the follwing drivers:

611365-001, R2.0   (ECU)

R1.01, 612522-001 (SCSI)

R1.01, 612523-001 (DOS)

R1.01, 611524-001 (Windows)

611362-003	Included Release of the follwing drivers:

611365-001, R2.0   (ECU)

R1.01, 612522-001 (SCSI)

R1.01, 612523-001 (DOS)

R1.02, 612914-001 (Windows)

611362-004	Includes Release of the follwing drivers, this is also current:

613814-001, R2.1   (ECU)

R1.01, 612522-001 (SCSI)

R1.01, 612523-001 (DOS)

R1.02, 612914-001 (Windows)

Current Drivers

EISA Configuration Utility (ECU)


Professional/GX Reference Menu
Professional/GX Quick Product Reference

As of April 1, 1993 the following is current:

High resolution system, 1280x1024

Current PBA revision:	612418-001
Current BIOS revision:	1.00.04.Y2
Current Keyboard controller:	1.25
EISA Configuration Utility	R2.1  (6132814-001)

Standard resolution system, 1024x768

Current PBA revision:	612583-001
Current BIOS revision:	1.00.04.Y2
Current Keyboard controller:	1.25
EISA Configuration Utility	R2.1  (613814-001)

Intel Corporation makes no warranty of any kind regarding this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchant ability and fitness for a particular purpose. Intel Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document.  Intel Corporation retains the right to make changes to these specifications at any time, without notice.

See Also:

Board Product History Menu

BIOS History Menu

Current Drivers


Professional/GX Certification Letters Menu
Certification Letters Menu

DEC Pathworks Qualification

Novell

Banyan Vines


DEC Pathworks Qualification for the Professional/GX
DEC Pathworks Qualification

Systems Qualified

Intel Professional/GX i486DX2/66 (DOS)

Intel Professional/GX L-Series i486DX2/66 (DOS)

OVERVIEW:
CPU type/speed/cache/ROM Level:	80486 /66 / 64K /1.00.03.Y1/Phoenix E486
PATHWORKS for DOS version tested:	4.1 and 4.1A
Language variant tested:	US English
Certified / Qualified:	Qualified
Testing Lab Location:	ALF
Conventional memory after running NETSETUP key disk:	560 KB
Date Issued	Jan 5, 1993
HARDWARE:
Total Memory:	8 MB
Conventional:	640  KB
Extended:	6144  KB
Expanded:	1024  KB
EMS memory board make/model:	None
EMS memory board I/O address:	None
EMS memory board frame address:	None
Keyboard type/language:	Native / US
Video type:	VGA
Network card make/model:	DEC EtherWORKS Turbo/LC/EISA
Network card IRQ:	5
Network card I/O address:	300
Network card memory address:	C800
Mouse make/model:	MicroSoft
Mouse port or COM port or IRQ:	Mouse Port
SOFTWARE:
Vendor operating system:	Microsoft DOS V5.0
SW EMS driver make/version:	MS EMM386.EXE V4.20.06X
SW EMS driver frame address:	D000
SW XMS driver make/version:	MS HIMEM.SYS V2.77
CONFIG.SYS memory / unique lines	DEVICE=HIMEM.SYS
	DEVICE=EMM386.EXE FRAME=D000
	X=A000-CFFF 1024
	DOS=HIGH


Novell Certification of the Professional/GX L486
Novell Certification

November 1992

Certification #W-482

Tested and Approved NetWare compatible as a File Server/Workstation with the following Novell products:

NetWare (v3.11)	Netware Access (v1.22)
NetWare Lite (v1.1)	OnLAN/PC (v1.22)
NetWare (v2.2)	NetWare Link/64 (v1.1)
DR DOS (v6.0)	NetWare Link/T1 (v1.1)
LAN WorkPlace for DOS (v4.01)	NetWare Link/X.25 (v1.00)
NetWare 3270 LAN Workstation (v2.0)	NetWare Asynchronous Remote Router (v1.2a)
Novell Print Server (v1.21)

PRODUCT CONFIGURATION:

Product Name/Model/Rev:	L486D266
CPU Family/Clock Speed	80486/66 MHz
Controller(s)/Fixed Disk(s):	On board IDE controller IDE (120 MB) MAXTOR 7120AT
Bus Type:	EISA (two 32-bit and one 16 bit) slots
ROM BIOS Version:	PhoenixBIOS(TM) E486 Version 1.00.02.Y1
Main/CPU Board Revision:	PBA 518379-004/AA 519161-002
CPU Memory:	Base 640K     Extended 15360
Video Adapter:	SVGA
Vendor Software:	MS DOS 5.0

Novell certification applies only to the product configuration listed above and is not associated with certification from other test agencies.  For additional information regarding specific test configurations, please contact:

Intel Corporation

5200 N.E. Elam Young Parkway

Hillsboro, OR  97124

(503) 696-7257

LAN ADAPTERS AND DRIVERS VERIFIED THROUGH TESTING:

LAN Adapter	Driver Type	Driver Name	Driver Date
Novell NE2000	DOS IPX Workstation	SNE2000.OBJ	18 Jul 1990
	DOS ODI Workstation	NE2000.COM	03 Jun 1991
Novell NE1000	DOS IPX Workstation	SNE1000.OBJ	31 Aug 1990
	DOS ODI Workstation	NE1000.COM	29 Nov 1991
Novell NE2100	DOS IPX Workstation	SNE2100.OBJ	19 Feb 1991
	DOS ODI Workstation	NE2100.COM	11 Oct 1991
3Com EtherLink Plus	DOS IPX Workstation	S3C505.OBJ	17 Jan 1991
(3C505) 2012	DOS ODI Workstation	3C505.COM	29 Jul 1991
SMC PC-130 ARCNET	DOS IPX Workstation	STRXNET.OBJ	17 Dec 1990
	DOS ODI Workstation	TRXNET.COM	06 Aug 1991
IBM Token-Ring 16/4	DOS IPX Workstation	STOKEN.OBJ	23 Aug 1991
IBM Token-Ring II	DOS IPX Workstation	STOKEN.OBJ	22 Oct 1990
	DOS ODI Workstation	TOKEN.COM	10 Jan 1991
Intel EtherExpress(tm) 16	DOS IPX Workstation	EXP16SH.OBJ	06 Sep 1991
	DOS ODI Workstation	EXP16ODI.COM	18 Nov 1991
3Com EtherLink(3C503)	DOS IPX Workstation	S3C503.OBJ	01 Nov 1990
	DOS ODI Workstation	3C503.COM	14 Jun 1991
Novell X.25 Extended Adapter	Communications	?BRX25DR.OBJ
Novell Synchronous/V.35+	Communications	Built into SW
Gateway WNIM+	Communications	COMWNIM.COM	23 Jan 1992
EOF


Banyan Vines

Passed Precertification only. Certification was not pursued.


Introduction to the Professional/GX
Introduction to the Professional/GX Microcomputer

The Professional/GX is a unique platform which combines the power of a graphics workstation with the flexibility of a PC. Everything about the system is designed to make powerful computing easier, and make the end user more productive. The Professional/GX SuperTuned memory architecture outperforms many other DX2-based systems by up to 25%. The fast local bus frame buffer graphics make even complex operating systems run smoothly and responsively, providing an amazing 30 million Winmarks and a productivity advantage that users can feel. Built-in audio allows users to take advantage of the advanced software of today and tomorrow. And built-in Adaptec SCSI enables external hardware like CD-ROMs without the complexity and expense of add-in cards. The Professional/GX still provides the flexibility and upgradability that PC users expect, including the ability to go beyond i486 performance using future Intel OverDrive processors. Finally, the unique snap-together cable-free chassis design makes the Professional/GX simple to set up, service, and upgrade, while being completely distraction-free to the user because of its small size and quiet operation. In all, the Professional/GX provides a feature set unmatched in the industry.

There are two distinct versions of the Professional/GX based on different graphics options:

The high resolution version supports graphics resolutions up to 1280 x 1024 non-interlaced at refresh rates up to 74Hz. It is available with an i486DX/33 or an i486DX2/66 CPU. The system includes 2MB of VRAM, supports 24-bit color (16.7 million colors) at 800 x 600 resolution, and 16-bit color (65,536 colors) at 1024 x 768.

 The standard resolution Professional/GX supports graphics up to 1024 x 768 x 256 non-interlaced at refresh rates up to 76Hz. It is available with an i486SX/33, i486DX/33 or i486DX2/66 CPU. This configuration includes 1MB of VRAM, with sockets to upgrade to 2MB. This version also supports 16-bit color at 640 x 480 resolution.

Features/Functions/Benefits

Feature	Function	Benefit
SuperTuned memory architecture	Efficient memory-to-CPU architecture optimizes system performance, particularly with i486DX2 microprocessors	System operates as fast as even the most advanced file server and considerably faster than most desktop computers with equivalent CPUs
Local bus frame buffer graphics	Graphic image data goes directly from the Intel486 CPU to the graphics processor at 33MHz, bypassing the slower 8MHz ISA bus	Faster performance in all graphics operations and operating systems, regardless of software drivers
Second Generation  Graphics Accelerator (ATI mach32)	Offloads some graphics processing to the specialized graphics component, speeding up functions used in GUIs and in CAD and drawing programs	Applications are much more responsive, and users are more productive
Linear Frame Buffer Architecture	Allows CPU to have direct access to video memory without paging through 64KB segments	Advanced graphical user interfaces, like Windows NT, UNIX and NeXT Step operate considerably faster than with traditional architectures such as Super VGA (even on the local bus)
VRAM Graphics Memory	Allows graphics memory to be updated at the same time the screen is refreshed, eliminating idle time at the graphics processor and the CPU	Applications are much more responsive, and users are more productive.  This allows high refesh rates at high resolutions for flicker free operation.
Flicker Free Operation	Can operate monitors up to 76 Hz	The screen is easier on the users eyes, decreasing fatigue and increasing productivity.
FCC-B Certification (even at 1280 x 1024 resolution)	System meets rigid federal specifications for emissions.	Only PC system currently on the market with integrated 1280 x1024 noninterlaced graphics meeting FCC-B regulations.
8514/A Video Hardware Compatibility	Allows video operation in 1024 x 768 mode to utilize 8514/A without special drivers, if the software supports the IBM 8514/A adapter	Enables video operation in nearly all  operating systems and applications without special drivers at 1024 x 768 mode. It's no longer necessary to go down to VGA resolution for environments without special drivers.
Integrated Audio	Digitizes sound from external microphone or other source. Plays back digitized sounds in software applications through internal speaker or external speakers/headphones.	Enables audio software applications, use of audio as a communications tool, and new software applications using voice notes, voice input, text-to-speech, or a video soundtrack.
Integrated  Industry-Standard SCSI	Allows addition of external drives, tape backups, and compact disks	Plug-and-play expansion without using add-in slots or worrying about conflicting hardware settings. Most operating systems have native support for the industry-standard Adaptec 6260 and do not require special drivers.
Features/Functions/Benefits continued

Feature	Function	Benefit
Three slots  (Two EISA, one ISA)	Expansion capabilities support both today's industry standard add-in cards as well as advanced add-in cards requiring a 32-bit interface	Unprecedented expansion and flexibility in 3" high form factor. EISA expansion also allows for software-configurable add-ins, as well as advanced multimedia and network cards benefiting from 32-bit bandwidth
Two-Way Set Associative Cache  (optional on i486SX/33 and DX/33 configurations)	Eliminates repeated reads from memory, making the CPU more efficient	Improves CPU performance by up to 20%. The Professional/GX two way set associative 64KB cache is equivalent to the 128KB direct mapped cache found in most other systems.
Snap-Together Chassis	Peripheral bay and power supply snap in without screws or cables	System servicing and integration is extremely easy
Four SIMM Sockets Standard	Memory can be expanded to 128MB on the motherboard, with like memory in pairs of SIMMs.	Lots of upgradability in a small form factor, with many memory configuration options.
Flash BIOS	BIOS can be upgraded from software without removing a ROM component	System is easy to service and BIOS upgrades to support new software, peripherals, or OverDrive components can be readily supported
International language BIOS support	FLUP (Flash Language Update Program) enables multiple language support for setup and error messages	An OEM product built around the Professional/GX can be readily sold in the US and throughout Europe
BIOS-based password security	Allows the user to require a password for initialization after power-on	Increased security against unauthorized operation of system
Temperature sensitive fans	Fan speed adjusts to provide only the required cooling for the i486 CPU and OverDrive components	Professional/GX operates at 35dBA, providing quiet distraction-free operation for the end-user.
Auto-ranging power supply	Automatically senses 120V or 220V power input	An OEM product built around the Professional/GX can be readily sold in the US and throughout Europe


Professional/GX System Features Menu

This document outlines the features and specifications for the Intel Professional/GX Microcomputer product line.  A basic understanding of the Professional/GX will be provided by detailing the features, capabilities, and benefits of the product.  Detailed technical information is provided in the appendices for those users who would like to know more about how to interface additional hardware with the Professional/GX.

Memory	Phoenix Technologies BIOS
CPU	Phoenix Technologies Keyboard Controller
OverDrive Processor Socket	EISA Configuration Utility (ECU)
Cache	EISA Bus Interface
Battery Real Time Clock	Expansion Slots
Speaker	Peripheral Bays
Western Digital Serial Controller	Front Panel
Video Subsytem	Chassis
SCSI Subsystem	Security
Audio	Power Supply


Professional/GX Memory Features
Memory Features

To function efficiently, an i486 requires low latency access to code and data. The i486 integrated cache allows it to execute small instruction loops without having to go out to external memory. Large, complex applications and multi-tasking environments place greater demands on a memory subsystem than small single tasking applications, and will benefit from a second level cache external to the CPU. But no matter how much cache memory is available, a system inevitably must access its Dynamic RAM, and it is the DRAM subsection which limits CPU performance. This is especially true with DX2 CPUs which employ clock doubling technology, because each external wait state represents two wasted internal clock cycles.

The Professional/GX SuperTuned memory is a three-tiered heirarchy consisting of the i486 internal cache, two optional second level external cache configurations, and a highly efficient page-mode DRAM subsystem built around a 64-bit memory bus and custom memory controller. This architecture is flexible enough to allow the right amount of cache memory for the task at hand and fast enough to ensure that the inevitable cache misses do not degrade overall CPU performance.

i486 Integrated Cache

At the top of the memory hierarchy is the 8KB cache integrated on the i486 component. This four-way set associative cache is organized as 512 16-byte cache lines, each capable of storing code or data. The CPU execution unit can access this cache with zero wait states and without generating any bus cycles external to the CPU. On i486DX2/66 machines, the integrated cache is accessed at the processor's internal 66MHz rate. Special bus cycles called burst cycles fill an internal 16 byte cache line from external memory in as few as five clock cycles.

Although cache hit rates vary with the application, the i486 internal cache typically will yield rates of 90% or better in DOS and Windows environments. In multi-tasking environments, such as UNIX and OS/2, and for compute-intensive applications such as CAD-CAM, there will be a reduction in the hit rate as the number of concurrent execution threads increases and as the complexity (and size) of the software routines increases.

Second Level Cache Option

Large memory-intensive applications can realize a 10%-30% increase in performance by employing one of the Professional/GX second level cache options designed around the Intel 82485 cache controller and SIMM form factor static RAM (SRAM). Two base configurations ship with a 64KB cache, and all base configurations can be upgraded to a 128KB cache. Because these cache options are two-way set associative, they provide performance comparable to direct mapped caches twice their size. The cache is write-through and fully supports the i486 burst mode, allowing the CPU to fill an internal cache line in five clock cycles. Selected address ranges can be write-protected, so that frequently accessed BIOS code can remain in the cache. The Professional/GX second level cache options are totally transparent to software.

DRAM Subsystem

The i486 integrated cache and second level cache options provide a solid basis for high performance, but it is the underlying SuperTuned DRAM subsystem which allows the i486 CPU to reach its highest performance. Without a solid DRAM subsystem to support memory writes and cache-miss reads, the performance of any i486 based system will suffer. This is especially true in systems which employ DX2 or OverDrive processors, because each wait state incurred by the CPU while accessing external memory results in two wasted internal clock cycles during which the CPU could be doing useful work.

The Professional/GX DRAM subsystem is optimized for both read and write performance. A custom Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) interfaces the 64-bit DRAM bus to the 32-bit CPU bus. This highly efficient design optimizes performance when accessing DRAM within a 4KB DRAM page, allowing up to 16 bytes to be bursted onto the CPU bus  and into the i486's internal cache and optional second level cache  in as few as eight clock cycles with zero wait states. Writes to DRAM which fall within the current 4KB page boundary are posted with zero wait states. The fact that the Professional/GX with no second level cache outperforms the Compaq Deskpro/i with a 64KB cache highlights the relative importance of DRAM efficiency versus a second level cache.

See Technical Prodcut Summary for bench mark graphs.

The Professional/GX baseboard has four double-sided 36-bit SIMM sockets which accept 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32MB SIMMs (70ns Fast Page Mode). The sockets are arranged as Bank A and Bank B, with each bank containing two sockets. Each bank provides a 64-bit wide data path and 8 parity bits to the DRAM control circuitry. On DRAM read cycles, the control circuitry accesses a 64-bit bank and then multiplexes either an odd or even double-word onto the CPU's 32-bit data bus. All memory size options implement a page size of 4KB. The number of clock cycles required to access DRAM depends on the type  read or write, burst or non-burst and whether or not the access falls within the 4KB page last accessed.

Each bank must hold a pair of like-sized SIMMs, and memory configurations between 2MB and 128MB are possible by using different sized pairs in Banks A and B. The amount of installed memory is automatically detected, eliminating the need to jumper the board for different memory configurations. All system configurations are shipped with Bank B empty. Tin-leaded DRAM should be used.

There are no jumper settings required for the memory size configuration, the System BIOS automatically sizes memory.See also System Memory Menu for additional information.


Central Processing Unit(CPU) Features

The five base Professional/GX configurations encompass three CPU options:

i486SX/33

i486DX/33

i486DX2/66

All i486 CPUs feature a 4-way set associative on-chip cache which can be disabled via software. A numeric coprocessor integrated on the i486DX/33 and i486DX2/66 components is backward compatible with i387DX and i387SX math coprocessors and complies with ANSI/IEEE standard 754-1985. The i486SX/33 CPU contains an on-chip cache but no numeric co-processor. The i486DX2/66 employs internal clock doubling technology, allowing the CPU to process instructions and access its internal cache at 66MHz while maintaining an external 33MHz interface. The system supports 25MHz operation although no base configuration is offered with those processors.


OverDrive Processor (ODP) Socket
OverDrive Processor Socket

Upgrading to higher performance computing is easy using the Professional/GX OverDrive Processor Socket.   An OverDrive Processor for the i486/33 employs internal clock doubling and allows i486SX/33 and i486DX/33 systems to achieve significantly higher CPU and floating point performance. All Professional/GX systems support the next generation of OverDrive technology, which will be based on Intel Pentium microprocessor technology (write-through cache mode only). Table 2 lists the possible Base CPU and OverDrive component configurations:

Base CPU	OverDrive Processor Socket Options

empty

i486SX/33	OverDrive Processor for the i486/33

Next Generation OverDrive Processor

empty

i486DX/33	OverDrive Processor for the i486/33

Next Generation OverDrive Processor

i486DX2/66	empty

Next Generation OverDrive Processor


Battery and Real Time Clock Features

The Real Time Clock (RTC) is implemented using a Dallas DS1287 device.  The DS1287 is accurate to within 13 minutes/year and requires no external support (the battery and oscillator are integrated into the device).  The component is socketed and can be replaced if the internal battery loses its charge (the internal battery has an estimated lifetime of ten years).

The RTC can be set via the BIOS SETUP Program.  CMOS memory supports the standard 64-byte battery-backed RAM, fourteen bytes for clock and control registers, fifty bytes of general purpose non-volatile CMOS RAM.  All CMOS RAM is reserved for BIOS use.  The CMOS RAM can be set to specific values or cleared to the system default values using the BIOS SETUP program.  Also, the CMOS RAM values can be cleared to the system defaults by using a hardware jumper.


Speaker Port

The onboard speaker has been integrated into the power supply, just like the Professional Workstation, to improve manufacturability and reduce unnecessary cabling.  The speaker may be enabled or disabled using the BIOS SETUP program and may also be programmed using I/O port 61H.  The speaker provides error code information during POST if the system cannot use the video interface.


Phoenix Technologies BIOS Features

The organization of the run-time BIOS has been optimized to provide a contiguous 160KB area of DOS Upper Memory Blocks (UMBs), allowing memory managers to derive the most benefit from the available memory. This 160KB of free UMBs is maintained even when using the SCSI BIOS, since it is integrated into the System BIOS. See the run-time memory map in Appendix E for details.

The system BIOS is stored in two Intel 28F001B FLASH EEPROM devices providing a total of 256KB of program code space. The use of FLASH memory allows BIOS upgrades to be performed with a floppy diskette or over a network. A baseboard jumper provides recovery capability in the unlikely event that a BIOS update was interrupted before being completed (i.e.; due to a power failure). Another jumper can disable the update capability. For improved system performance, the BIOS is shadowed to allow execution from 32-bit write-protected DRAM instead of the slower 8-bit FLASH devices.

The FLASH EEPROMs contain:

System BIOS (Phoenix Technologies 80486 ROM BIOS PLUS v1.0)

Power-On Self Tests (POST)

Video BIOS (ATI 68800)

SCSI BIOS (Adaptec S1)

EISA configuration memory

EISA board identification strings

SETUP utility

FLASH update recovery code

Integrating all of this functionality into the FLASH EEPROMs requires more than the standard 128KB memory region traditionally reserved for system BIOS. A patent-pending paged memory scheme is employed which enables these enhancements while maintaining compatibility with standard PC architectures. Page registers, transparently operated under BIOS control, govern which two of four 64KB pages are available to the CPU at any given time. During normal operation, the 64KB page located at F0000-FFFFF swaps between one of three pages: POST, SETUP, and run-time system BIOS. The 64KB page located at E0000-EFFFF which contains the video BIOS is shadowed to C0000, and made available to memory managers.

See also BIOS History Menu.


Phoenix Technologies Keyboard Controller Features

An Intel 8742 surface mount micro controller contains the Phoenix Technologies PS/2 compatible keyboard/mouse controller code.  PS/2 style keyboard and mouse connectors are located on backpanel of the system.  The micro controller code supports Power-On/Reset (POR), and keyboard password protection. The POR password is set via the SETUP program.  In addition, the keyboard controller provides for the following "HOT" key sequences:

·	CTRL-ALT-DEL.:	System software reset.

This sequence performs a software reset of the system by jumping to the beginning of the BIOS code and running the POST operation, excluding memory tests.

·	CTRL-ALT-1 and CTRL-ALT-2:	Turbo mode selection*.

These two sequences can be used to toggle between turbo and de-turbo modes. CTRLALT1 sets the system into de-turbo mode (emulates an MHz 80286 CPU using wait states) and CTRLALT2 sets the system into turbo mode (its normal operation at 33MHz).

·	CTRL-ALT-+ and CTRL-ALT--:  Keystroke Click Sound level selection.

This adjusts the speaker level for the click sounds made when a key is depressed.  The level of sound may be adjusted from not audible to loud with 7 levels in between.

*Note:  Changing the Turbo mode may at times be prohibited by an operating system or application software.


EISA Bus Interface

The interface to the EISA bus is controlled by the Intel 82350DT chip set.

To be updated


EISA Expansion Slots
Expansion Slots

The Professional/GX motherboard contains one EISA compatible connector.  This connector is used to support a riser card that contains two horizontal EISA bus master expansion slots, and one 16 bit ISA slot.  These EISA expansion slots support 8- or 16-bit ISA compatible expansions cards as well as any EISA compatible expansion cards.  The expansion cards are oriented parallel to the motherboard, rather than perpendicular.  This parallel orientation makes the low profile chassis outline possible.  The riser card is limited to a maximum of two EISA expansion slots, and one ISA by electrical constraints of the motherboard as well as physical constraints of the system chassis.  The ISA slot has a size limitation, and possible peripheral access difficulties because of location and positioning.


Power Supply Features
Power Supply

The Professional/GX uses a custom power supply, shared with the Professional Workstation, with auto-ranging AC input and an approximate total power output of 142 watts.  The power supply is a totally self-contained module that connects directly to the motherboard via a custom connector, eliminating all power cables in the system.  In addition to the normal power supply circuitry, the module also houses the on/off and reset switches, front panel LED's, the speaker, external AC receptacles, and thermostatically controlled cooling fans.  All minimum load requirements for the power supply are met by the minimum configuration motherboard.

A female auxiliary AC power outlet is provided at the rear of the system so that, with the right adapter, the system monitor can be plugged into the Professional/GX.  This simplifies the power-on sequence by turning the monitor on or off with the base system.  The voltage output from the auxiliary power connector corresponds to the system's input AC voltage

The onboard speaker has been integrated into the power supply to improve manufacturability and reduce unnecessary cabling.  The speaker may be enabled or disabled using the BIOS SETUP program and may also be programmed using I/O port 61H.  The speaker provides error code information during POST if the system cannot use the video interface.

Power Supply Specifications


Peripheral Bays
System Peripherals

1.  Peripheral Bays

The Professional/GX has 2 built-in peripheral bays in a single peripheral carrier assembly.  The bays included are:

·	1- one third height or 1", 3.5" wide, Internal bay

Mounting hardware supports 1"x 3.5" hard disk drives form factor.

IDE only.

·	1- Third-Height, 3.5" wide, Externally accessible bay

Connection for custom "docking" 3.5" floppy drive (see Floppy Drive Interface below).

The carrier assembly is easily removed for access and serviceability.  A riser card is used to route the control, data and power signals for the floppy and hard drive from the motherboard to the peripheral carrier.  The peripheral riser card connects to the motherboard via a 132-pin card-edge connector and is attached to the peripheral carrier by two mounting brackets.

2.  Floppy Drive Interface

An on-board AT compatible floppy interface is provided by an Intel 82077AA-1 Floppy Controller.  The Professional/GX supports a single 3.5" 1.44 MByte floppy drive or a 2.88MB floppy.  The drive uses a custom docking connector, allowing the drive to connect directly to the peripheral riser card.  This eliminates the need for power and data cables, improving reliability, serviceability and EMI characteristics.  The floppy drive can be enabled or disabled via the BIOS SETUP program.  An option for increased security disables writes to the floppy drive via a jumper on the motherboard.

3.  Mass Storage Devices

The Professional/GX supports one internal 3.5" third  height mass storage device using the standard 40-pin IDE interface.  Cable length is reduced to a minimum by using a peripheral riser card to route the control and power signals up to the drive bay.  This improves the serviceability and reduces EMI emissions.  The hard disk drive can be enabled or disabled via the BIOS SETUP program.


Professional/GX Front Panel
Front Panel

The front panel includes the reset and power-on/off switches for easy access.  Hard Disk active, floppy active, and power-on LED indicators are also provided.  All the LED indicators are green.


Professional/GX Chassis Features
Chassis Features

The Professional/GX is housed in a low profile chassis.  The enclosure consists of a aluminized metal base, top cover, and drop-in peripheral carrier.  There are four color keyed plastic pieces:  the front bezel and top/side cover snap onto the metal top cover, the back panel and bottom snap onto the sheet metal base.  Access to the inside of the system is obtained by removing three screws and lifting off the top cover.

Dimensions


Professional/GX Security Features
Physical Security

A standard hasp style lock (not provided by Intel) can be used to retain the top cover.  This prevents undesired access to the internal compartment of the Professional/GX where the CMOS Password Clear jumper is located.  In addition, it prevents someone from removing or modifying add-in cards or peripherals.  The hasp lock can also be used to cable the Professional/GX to a fixed object, preventing theft of the system.


SCSI Subsystem

SCSI Interface

A SCSI-II subsystem provides I/O connectivity to a wide range of external peripheral devices (the internal drive bay supports only IDE). The SCSI interface consists of an Adaptec 6260 SCSI controller, associated SCSI bus terminators, and a fine-pitch 50-pin SCSI-II connector mounted on the back of the chassis. External devices can be attached using a single-ended SCSI "A" cable meeting the ANSI X3T9, X3.131-1991 specification. The maximum cable length is 6 meters and the maximum number of attached peripherals is limited to 7. The Professional/GX occupies SCSI ID 7. The Adaptec 6260 device provides 5MB/sec of bandwidth (synchronous transfer) between itself and SCSI peripherals.

The SCSI subsystem is driver-compatible with the Adaptec AHA-1520/1522 SCSI host adapter. Access to SCSI is supported via a SCSI BIOS, embedded within the system BIOS F0000-FFFFF address range, and by ASPI drivers provided with the system. The SCSI BIOS and SCSI drivers use 16-bit programmed I/O string move commands to transfer SCSI data from the 6260 through the CPU to main memory. Analysis has demonstrated that programmed I/O mode data transfers provide higher performance than DMA-based data transfers with the 6260.

Enabling of the SCSI BIOS is accomplished with the SETUP and ECU utilities. If the on-board SCSI option is selected in the BIOS setup page, the SCSI BIOS is shadowed within the F0000h to FFFFFh range of the system BIOS. The SCSI BIOS is shadowed and executed only if the SCSI option is enabled. While it is acceptable to disable access to SCSI using only the SETUP or ECU utilities, a baseboard jumper is provided to electrically disable the Adaptec 6260 hardware. The jumper should be used only if there is an I/O address (340-35F) conflict between the 6260 and an add-in card.

The SCSI bus must be terminated at each end. On the baseboard, the bus is terminated near the Adaptec 6260 chip with 220 ohm pullups to TERMPWR and 330 ohm pulldowns to ground. The SCSI bus signal TERMPWR is provided through a Polyfuse, which limits current to a maximum of 1.5Amps, and a Schottky diode, which prevents reverse current if another SCSI device is also supplying TERMPWR (TERMPWR is +5 volts, which can be used to power the active termination on SCSI peripherals).

Drivers

The following SCSI drivers ship with the Professional/GX, and are installed via automated utilities:

DOS 5.0:	Hard disk,

ASPI Interface,

CD-ROM ,

and AFDISK

Windows:	ASPI interface for Windows.

Windows CD-ROM driver,

MSCDEX.EXE, may be 	obtained from the CD-ROM vendor, Microsoft, or Intel, but is not shipped with the system.

Compatible SCSI drivers available from OS vendors:

IBM OS/2 2.0

SCO UNIX V.3.2 R4/ODT 2.0

INTERACTIVE UNIX V3.2

See the Software Driver Menu for more detailed driver information


Video Subsystem

The advent of Graphical User Interface (GUI) operating environments such as Microsoft Windows, OS/2, and X-Windows has placed greater and greater demands on the PC's graphics subsystem. Graphics tasks represent an increasingly greater percentage of the overall application task mix, and the amount of pixel data to be manipulated increases exponentially with greater monitor resolution and color depth. The weak link in traditonal PC graphics subsystems is the relatively slow ISA or EISA bus, over which the CPU must move pixel data to a graphics card. There are two avenues available for overcoming this graphics bottleneck:

Utilizing a graphics accelerator so the CPU does not have to move graphics data as often.  Locating the graphics subsystem on the CPU local bus so that when the CPU must move graphics data it can be done efficiently

The Professional/GX employs both optimizations.

Graphics Hardware

The Professional/GX features an ATI 68800 graphics accelerator and a Video RAM (VRAM) linear frame buffer which reside on a 32-bit synchronous extension of the CPU local bus. Locating the graphics subsystem on the CPU local bus allows bit-mapped images to be delivered to the display memory at the 33MHz local bus speed instead of the 8MHz speed of the relatively slow I/O bus.

The ability to move data efficiently to the video display memory becomes increasingly important with multimedia applications such as Video For Windows. In these applications the displayed image is constantly changing (as opposed to being manipulated) requiring large amounts of data to be constantly moved from system memory to display memory. These applications benefit from the high available bandwidth and the speed of the Professional/GX local bus VRAM linear frame buffer.

More traditional windowed applications such as word processors, spreadsheets, and drawing programs benefit from the accelerated compute and data-movement capabilities of the Professional/GX. These applications manipulate a relatively constant set of graphics data  a document, spreadsheet, or drawing  by scrolling, re-sizing, and moving the windowed images. In  non-accelerated VGA or Super VGA systems, this places a tremendous burden on the CPU which must maintain and manipulate the video image in system memory and transport the pixel data to the video display memory over the slow I/O bus. The Professional/GX performs graphics functions such as Bit Block Transfers (BitBlts), point to point line draws, polygon fills, and clipping in the hardware, providing a dramatic performance advantage when running graphic intensive software, such as Microsoft Windows, OS/2, or AutoCad.

Running in 1024 x 768 x 256 color mode, the Professional/GX performs over 30 million Winmarks (Winbench version 2.5). This is more than 700% faster than the 4.3 million Winmarks available from the Intel Professional Workstation using the Western Digital WD90C31 graphics controller.

The use of high-quality Video RAM instead of DRAM in the Professional/GX graphics subsystem allows high refresh rates when operating in high resolution and high-color modes. High refresh rates result in less screen flicker and less eye strain than low refresh rates. DRAM also is single ported, meaning that pixel data can not be written into it at the same time that pixel data is being transferred from the video memory to the monitor. As resolution and color depth increase on a DRAM-based system, there is a degradation in performance and the ability to provide high refresh rates. This is because the part of the system that is putting information into the DRAMs is competing with the part which is taking information out of the DRAMs. Video RAM is dual ported, meaning that pixel data can be written to it (by the CPU or the 68800) at the same time that pixel data is transferred out to the monitor. High refresh rates are available even as screen resolution and color depth increase. The linear frame buffer maps the entire range of VRAM within a contiguous area, negating the need for costly page manipulations when accessing the frame buffer.

Not all applications require the same level of graphics capabilities. In recognition of this, there are two graphic hardware options available within the five Professional/GX base configurations. The difference between the two options is the RAMDAC and amount of VRAM used. The standard resolution versions of the Professional/GX are equipped with an ATI 68830 RAMDAC and 1MB of VRAM. These systems provide up to 1024 x 768 resolution. The high resolution versions of the Professional/GX are equipped with a TI 34075 RAMDAC and 2MB of VRAM, and will provide up to 1280 x 1024 resolution. Both standard and high resolution modes are certified FCC and VDE class B, even at the highest resolutions and refresh rates.

Resolution and color depth depend on the amount of VRAM and the type of RAMDAC. Tables 4a and 4b summarize the available resolution and color depth combinations for the standard and high resolution systems. Appendix H provides complete information on graphic output parameters.

Resolution	Displayed Colors	Bit Planes	Max. Refresh
640 x 480	65,536	16	72 Hz.
800 x 600	256	8	76 Hz.
1024 x 768	256	8	76 Hz.
Standard Resolution Configurations: Maximum Resolution/Colors

Resolution	Displayed Colors	Bit Planes	Max. Refresh
640 x 480	16,777,216	24	72 Hz.
800 x 600	16,777,216	24	76 Hz.
1024 x 768	65,536	16	72 Hz.
1280 x 1024	256	8	74 Hz.
High Resolution Configurations: Maximum Resolution/Colors

The standard resolution version is not field upgradable to high resolution, however it contains sockets which allow it to be upgraded to 2MB of VRAM. This does not increase the maximum resolution, but does allow greater color depths at the available resolutions. It also allows a full 1MB of VRAM to be dedicated to 8514/A functionality when running software which uses both 8514/A and VGA modes, but which is not capable of sharing memory between the two modes (such as OS/2). The Graphics Software section contains further details on 8514/A mode considerations.

Graphics EEPROM

The Professional/GX contains an Electrically Erasable PROM (EEPROM) which is dedicated to storing parameters affecting graphic output such as refresh rates for each possible resolution. This EEPROM is programmed using the graphics setup software provided with each system, and allows the graphic output to be tuned for any monitor connected to the system.

Video Connector

The Professional/GX has a standard PS/2 15pin analog VGA connector located on the back panel. Onboard graphics can be disabled using a baseboard jumper, allowing the use of add-in video adapter cards.

VESA Feature Connector

A VESA compliant 8514/A feature connector is  provided on the baseboard.  The feature connector can drive graphics data from the integrated graphics subsystem onto an external video add-in card (such as a DVI card). When using the video feature connector, jumper E0810 must be installed to allow propagation of RAMDAC write signals over the I/O bus to the add in card.

Graphics Software

ATI Video BIOS

The ATI 68800 Video BIOS is incorporated into the system BIOS EPROM. The video BIOS supports normal VGA modes and also is compatible with EGA, CGA, MDA and Hercules display modes. It resides in FLASH EPROM from E0000 to E7FFF, and is automatically shadowed to RAM at runtime. The default configuration shadows it to address C0000, and frees RAM located between E0000 to E7FFF to be used by memory managers. An ECU option allows the video BIOS to be shadowed between E0000 and E7FFF, in which case RAM located between C0000 and C7FFF is available to be used by memory managers.

Setup Utility

A Setup utility shipped with every system configures the 68800, installs enhanced DOS application drivers, and can be used to test the graphics subsection. Configuring the 68800 allows the system to be tuned for whatever monitor might be connected to it, ensuring that the highest possible refresh rates can be used for every resolution, for any given monitor.

Graphics Drivers

A graphics implementation must be backed by broad driver support to be useful in diverse computing environments. The ATI 68800 based graphics subsystem in the Professional/GX enjoys backward compatibility with a large number of graphics standards and drivers in addition to driver which deliver the highest levels of graphics performance.

Backward Compatibility: The ATI 68800 is 100% register-level VGA and IBM 8514/A compatible. This means that basic graphics support is available by using the standard VGA and 8514/A drivers widely available in most operating environments and applications, such as SCO UNIX, Interactive UNIX, and OS/2. The Professional/GX can also use drivers written for the 8514/A Adapter Interface (AI), VESA Super VGA, and the ATI MACH 8 card (other names for the MACH 8 drivers are 8514-ULTRA and Graphics Ultra). Most drivers for the ATI VGA Wonder+ cards also can be used. These drivers differ in the degree of graphics acceleration, resolution, and color depths they support.

Enhanced Performance: For the highest possible graphics performance, mach32 drivers take full advantage of all of the ATI 68800's acceleration features. Included with each system are mach32 drivers for Windows which support 16,256 and 65,536 colors. A follow-on driver release will support 24-bit color (16,777,216 colors) for the high resolution systems. The enhanced mach32 Windows drivers are Virtual Display Drivers, meaning that they can be used only when running Windows in Enhanced mode. Windows can be run in standard mode using Window's default 8514/A driver.

Other Drivers: Enhanced drivers also are shipped for these DOS 5.0 applications:

Lotus 1-2-3	Ver. 2.0/2.01/2.1/2.2

Lotus Symphony	Ver. 1.1

WordPerfect	Ver. 5.0/5.1

MS WORD 	Ver. 5.0

Ventura 	Ver. 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0

AutoCAD 	Ver. 10/11/12

AutoDesk 3D

AutoShade

GEM

OS/2 P.M	Ver. 2.0

Enhanced drivers also are available for the following operating systems:

SCO UNIX V.3.2 R4/ODT 2.0	Enhanced graphics support will be integrated into SCO.

INTERACTIVE UNIX V.3.2	Enhanced graphics support (8514A) is integrated into the OS.

IBM OS/2 2.0	Enhanced drivers shipped with system;

will be integrated into future release of OS/2.

8514A Considerations

Both the standard and high resolution versions of the Professional/GX are compatible with 8514/A drivers. However, the ways in which 8514/A drivers are used must be taken into consideration on the standard resolution systems, which ship with 1MB of VRAM (compared to the high resolution systems which ship with 2MB of VRAM). The 8514/A specification calls for an entire megabyte of VRAM to be available for the driver's use. Operating systems which simultaneously mix 8514/A and other modes of operation can run into difficulty due to their inability to arbitrate between the conflicting needs of 8514/A and the other modes. An example is OS/2, which can run Windows applications in 8514/A mode. These applications can monopolize all of the VRAM, leaving none for the OS/2 presentation manager. To prevent this type of problem, it is recommended that OS/2 be run only on high resolution systems or on standard resolution systems which have been upgraded with an additional megabyte of VRAM. This also applies to other operating environments which may run partially in 8514/A mode.

See the Software Driver Menu for more detailed driver information and Video Mode Menu for more video information.


EISA Configuration Utility (ECU)
EISA Configuration Utility

An EISA Configuration Utility (ECU) is shipped with the system.  The ECU performs the setup and programming of the system's EISA Non-Volatile Memory (NVM).  A section of FLASH memory is used to store the EISA configuration information.  EISA and ISA boards are added and removed with the ECU to complete the specific system configuration.  The configuration is stored into FLASH memory and the system is rebooted.  The contents of the EISA NVM and ISA CMOS memory are used by system BIOS at boot time to configure EISA boards and determine system policies.  Refer to the information contained in the ECU HELP facility for more information.

See the Software Driver Menu for more detailed driver information


Western Digital Serial Controller
Western Digital WD16C552 Serial/Parallel Controller

The Professional/GX uses a WD16C552 compatible device to integrate one parallel and two serial ports on the motherboard.  Standard AT-type connectors are available on the back panel of the system.  The serial ports include 16-byte FIFOs and are capable of operation up to 56 KBaud.  Either serial port can be programmed as COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4, or disabled.  The parallel port can be configured via the SETUP program as LPT1, LPT2, or disabled, and can be set as bi-directional or output only.


Integrated Audio

The Professional/GX has integrated digital audio capabilities providing high quality sound for business applications. A driver shipped with the Professional/GX supports the Windows wave audio standard, and can be used to embed sound objects in OLE-capable Windows applications. Third party applications are available which support text-to-voice using wave audio, and these applications will run on the Professional/GX without the need for any additional hardware. Future wave audio applications will support voice recognition and voice piloting, which will allow the computer's input to be controlled via voice.

An audio volume application shipped with each system allows both the input and output volume levels to be set. By default, the audio output will play through the system's internal speaker. A jack is provided to allow the use of external speakers or headphones. Input can come from an external jack which supports microphone levels and line-in levels, or from digital data such as embedded sound objects.

Two 3.5mm stereo "mini" jacks are provided for audio input and output. One jack accepts stereo line-in or mono microphone input. The second jack provides a stereo line-out. A built-in leaf switch automatically disables audio from the internal speaker when a cable is plugged into the audio output jack. However, standard PC "beeps" are still heard through the internal speaker; and are not sent to the output jack. If nothing is plugged into the output plug, both standard PC "beeps" and audio output can be heard from the internal speaker.

The Professional/GX audio section is composed of a custom ASIC and a stereo audio Codec chip. The Codec contains stereo 16-bit A/D and D/A converters and supports audio sampling rates from 8KHz to 44.1KHz (the compact disc standard). Sampling rates, sample size of 8 bit or 16 bit, and stereo/mono sampling all affect the quality of the sound, as well the amount of storage required for the digitized sound. The ability to set sampling rates, size, and mono/stereo is defined by the wave audio API (Application Programmatic Interface) and is dependent on the given application.

The stereo audio Codec has a built-in analog multiplexer to select between stereo line-in versus mono microphone input. Since microphones require more gain than line-in signals, an additional Op-Amp stage is used to increase microphone signal levels. The LM386's provide about 500mV rms of audio drive into a 16 ohm load. A dynamic or self powered microphone should be used. The microphone input does not provide the "phantom voltage" required by many electret microphones.

The Professional/GX audio design does not provide hardware frequency synthesis and, as such, is not hardware or register compatible with popular "game" sound cards. However, software can be written to utilize the power of the i486 CPU, allowing the Professional/GX to playback the synthesized sound effects typically used in game software.

Windows MIDI drivers should be available from Intel in 1993.


Professional/GX Differntiators Main Menu
Differentiators Menu

Performance

Intel's SuperTuned architecture ensures that the Professional/GX is optimized for DX2 microprocessors, and has exceptional speed with all i486 CPUs. Many other manufacturers have extended existing 33MHz PCs to DX2/66 simply by plugging in a faster processor. While the processor itself is running at 66Mhz, the rest of the system (in particular the memory subsystem) can't keep up. The Professional/GX was designed so the entire computer gets optimal performance from fast DX2 microprocessors. Benchmarks show considerably better CPU and memory performance over many other DX2/66 PCs.

Graphics

The Professional/GX has some of the fastest local bus graphics on the market, and provides very high resolution and deep color capabilities. In the past, users needed expensive add-in cards to achieve the performance and capabilities built into the Professional/GX. This system also is significantly faster than several other types of local bus graphics. There are three main factors contributing to this fast graphics performance:

The graphics bus operates at the CPU frequency, 33MHz, instead of the ISA bus frequency of 8MHz. This ensures that all applications benefit from local bus performance, not just those applications for which there are special drivers.

An intelligent graphics controller offloads much of the graphics processing from the CPU, significantly speeding up graphics operations. The Professional/GX includes a second-generation 32-bit graphics accelerator (the ATI mach32) which offers faster performance over a broader range of graphics functions. Special drivers are provided for Windows 3.1, OS/2 2.0, SCO Open Desk Top, and AutoCad to take advantage of this acceleration.

VRAM based video allows the Professional/GX to get maximum performance from its video controller. Many competing graphics systems use DRAM for graphics memory. These systems are slower than those using VRAM because the graphics controller cannot write pixel data at the same time it is being read out to the monitor. By using VRAM, the Professional/GX offers optimal graphics performance at higher refresh rates for flicker free operation.

High Resolution to 1280 x 1024

The high resolution configurations of the Professional/GX include graphics display modes of up to 1280 x 1024 x 256 at 74Hz non-interlaced color resolution. This is important for users of CAD programs. Since they can see more on the screen, they don't waste time panning around their drawings. The high resolution also appeals to people using spreadsheets, who can see up to 66% more than with 1024 x 768 resolution. Desktop publishers also benefit by  clearly seeing the layout of two side-by-side pages without the need for a special display.

The 1280 x 1024 resolution in the Professional/GX provides the performance and capabilities of expensive add-in cards because it uses the local bus. However, the 1280 x 1024 versions of the system also can operate at lower resolutions with more colors. Users can switch modes  easily using software to select the best mode for their application.

24-Bit TrueColor  mode

Customers in certain niches will like the TrueColor capabilities of the Professional/GX. This is the ability to display 24-bit color depth (16 million colors) for photo-realism. The extra colors do require a trade-off in resolution. You can get 24-bit color at 800 x 600 in the standard resolution Professional/GX, and at 1024 x 768 in the high resolution systems. Deep Color mode also is available for 65,536 colors.

Software Compatibility

The video system on the Professional/GX provides tremendous software compatibility. There are optimized drivers for Windows 3.1, OS/2 2.0, SCO Open Desk Top, and many CAD programs, and plans for future software to support Windows NT and Solaris 2.0. The graphics controller also is downward compatible with VGA, SVGA, and 8514/A, enabling all other graphics applications and operating systems to run at resolutions up to 1024 x 768 x 256 without any special drivers. And, thanks to the use of VRAM in the Professional/GX, even applications configured for 8514/A show a significant performance enhancement.

Integrated Business Audio

The Professional/GX has integrated business audio, with software support for Microsoft Windows 3.1 wave audio capabilities. The quality is 16-bit digital stereo considerably better than many add-in cards. Because it works under Windows, users can embed voice notes in any application that utilizes Windows OLE (Object Linking and Embedding). Advanced Windows utilities also will make possible some "hands-off" operations: voice input (where you give the computer spoken commands) and text-to-speech (where the computer reads from a spreadsheet or other file). Integrated audio also supplies the soundtrack for software video applications like Microsoft Video for Windows.

Demand for business audio has been growing since its inclusion as a standard feature of Windows 3.1. Compaq includes this functionality in its Deskpro/i and Deskpro/m lines, and Microsoft has begun marketing Windows Sound System audio add-in cards.

Professional/GX currently includes audio drivers only for Windows 3.1.

Integrated SCSI

Integrated SCSI allows for easy external expansion using CD players, tape drives, hard disk drives, and scanners. Because it's integrated on the motherboard, customers don't have to worry about hardware conflicts or adjusting jumpers. In addition, the BIOS has been optimized to support SCSI and still leave an optimal upper memory area in the BIOS for memory-resident DOS drivers.

Integrated SCSI is especially useful in combination with the integrated audio, making the Professional/GX a natural for CD-ROM. In addition, graphics performance remains high under complex operating systems like UNIX Open Desk Top and Windows NT, which are easiest to install using a CD. And, because the Professional/GX uses industry standard Adaptec SCSI, there is support in nearly every operating system and for nearly every SCSI peripheral.  Note that the Professional/GX is designed only for external SCSI expansion.

Ergonomic Chassis

The Professional/GX uses Intel's unique low-profile chassis and has all of its advantages:

Power supply snaps-in without cables for easy servicing of system and motherboard

Floppy and hard drive reside in a snap-in peripheral bay which is easy to service and integrate

Dual temperature-sensitive fans are extremely quiet, operating at 35 dBA

Entire system is only 3" high and takes up a footprint no larger than a standard 14" monitor, but with structural support for large format monitors.

Easy Setup and Operation

Because of the highly integrated motherboard, setup is extremely easy and system management is simplified considerably, compared to systems that require add-in cards to achieve the same functionality. Software drivers all come with an easy-install program. Hardware features can be set up using software utilities, eliminating the need for matching jumpers to alter settings. And because the BIOS knows about all of the integrated features, it maximizes upper memory usage for drivers and memory-resident DOS programs.


Professional/GX Benchmarks

PC Labs Benchmarks, Version 6.0

Processor benchmark

The Processor Benchmark test measures different aspects of the CPU performance and its interaction with the internal 8KB i486DX cache, the second level cache architecture and main memory. The test consists of eight routines: an Instruction Mix for the i486DX CPU, 128KB No-Operation, Do-Nothing, Integer-Add, Integer-Multiply, Floating-Point Mix, String-Sort/Move and Prime-Number Sieve Routines. Results are given as processor operations per second (ops/sec).

i486DX2/66 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
	8379.59	8390.00	8307.80	7864.55	7789.56	7900.95	7714.33	7968.83	7327.03
i486DX/33 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
	4262.03	4260.57	4249.88	4204.20	4190.56	4217.43	4181.88	4238.77	4083.49
Processor  Benchmark (PC Labs 6.0)

MEMORY BENCHMARK

The Memory Benchmark measures the read/write performance of the first 640KB of conventional memory. Results indicate how fast the transfer was completed in kilobytes per second (KB/sec).

i486DX2/66 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
Read	10137.6	9985.3	8908.8	7502.6	6348.8	7270.4	6113.4	6011.5	4837.8
Write	11264.0	11309.8	11264.0	8294.4	8110.9	7782.4	7705.3	7299.8	6387.3
i486DX/33 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
Read	6419.1	6387.32	5939.2	6041.60	5341.73	5981.8	5298.3	5240.9	4333.8
Write	6758.4	6826.7	6758.4	6553.60	6520.99	6215.3	6215.3	6144.0	5604.0
Memory  Benchmark (PC Labs 6.0)

DISK BENCHMARK

The Disk Benchmark script evaluates mechanical drive speed, hard disk controller functions and disk bus speed. The test uses a series of small record (512-byte and 4KB) routines followed by a series of large record (16KB and 32KB) routines. Both the small record routines and large record routines include numerous file creation, sequential write/read and random write/read operations. Results indicate how fast transfers were completed in kilobytes per second (KB/sec).

i486DX2/66 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
Sequential	5.60	6.31	5.49	5.82	5.71	8.46	9.39	5.65	5.49
Random	16.20	16.59	16.31	16.86	16.42	16.37	16.26	15.93	15.87
DOS Access	18.02	17.85	17.58	18.35	18.13	17.80	17.85	17.52	17.8
i486DX/33 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
Sequential	No Test	5.32	5.38	5.65	5.76	15.82	10.32	5.65	5.65
Random	No Test	16.09	16.15	16.26	16.53	21.42	16.48	15.93	15.98
DOS Access	No Test	17.63	17.69	18.13	18.18	21.86	18.18	17.52	17.74
Disk Access Tests (PC Labs 6.0)

DOS VIDEO BENCHMARK

The DOS Video Benchmark test consists of 640 x 480 text and graphics routines. In the 32-bit Direct Screen Write routine, the video adapter's screen memory writes text to the screen. The test then performs several graphics operations, including screen fills and bitblock (BitBLT) transfers. The DOS Video screen test fully examines video BIOS and system BIOS call executions and utilizes any video shadowing or video caching circuitry in the system. The DOS Video results are expressed in thousands of video operations per second (Kops/sec).

i486DX2/66 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
Unscrolled BIOS	2941.05	2940.28	2932.8	165.31	164.73	197.37	197.95	15.20	17.19
Scrolled BIOS	50.30	50.49	50.30	29.61	29.76	26.88	26.93	10.20	11.08
Direct Write	4556.6	4535.4	4361.60	2556.40	1249.40	2383.40	2166.60	2423.40	2159.00
i486DX/33 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
Unscrolled BIOS	1474.75	1471.68	1474.75	96.19	96.00	112.32	111.93	15.36	17.38
Scrolled BIOS	49.53	49.53	49.53	26.11	26.30	24.57	26.88	10.31	11.13
Direct Write	4495.60	4487.6	4301.40	2545.8	2525.2	2465.80	2383.40	2415.80	2147.80
EGA/VGA Text Mode (PC Labs 6.0)

i486DX2/66 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
Write Mode O Fill (8-bit)	18063.4	16681.0	16681.0	2069.2	2063.0	2747.6	2750.7	1608.7	1608.7
(16-bit)	7151.0	7151.0	7151.0	4095.4	4092.3	5148.4	5163.7	3198.9	3214.3
(32-bit)	11612.2	11612.2	11612.2	4089.2	4098.4	3739.3	3723.9	4193.6	4209.0
Mem to Scr BitBlt (16-bit)	16642.6	16650.2	16634.9	9676.8	9676.8	12810.2	11460.0	7557.1	6876.0
(32-bit)	18063.4	16681.0	16681.0	10137.6	10137.6	9308.2	8434.6	9626.4	8617.9
Scr to Mem BitBlt (16-bit)	7151.0	7151.0	7151.0	4439.4	4439.4	3850.6	3870.7	4515.8	4515.8
(32-bit)	11612.2	11612.2	11612.2	5161.0	5161.0	5068.8	5042.4	5806.1	5806.1
Scr to Scr BitBlt (16-bit)	16642.6	16650.2	16634.9	13424.6	13440.0	13255.7	13063.7	12418.6	12480.0
(32-bit)	22840.3	22794.2	22763.5	14346.2	14384.6	13931.5	13885.4	15828.5	15889.9
										i486DX/33 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
Write Mode O Fill (8-bit)	3723.9	3711.6	3711.6	2060.0	2066.1	2753.8	2747.7	1611.7	1605.6
(16-bit)	5744.0	5765.5	5753.2	4086.2	4089.2	5160.7	5160.7	3208.1	3198.9
(32-bit)	7942.1	7960.5	7923.7	4086.2	4073.9	3886.6	3717.8	4187.5	4187.5
Mem to Scr BitBlt (16-bit)	13455.4	12625.9	12625.9	9676.8	9676.8	12810.2	11427.8	7517.8	6876.0
(32-bit)	17971.2	16681.0	16588.8	10137.6	10137.6	9676.8	8386.6	9584.6	8617.9
Scr to Mem BitBlt (16-bit)	7151.0	7151.0	7151.0	4439.4	4439.4	3962.9	3870.7	4492.3	4515.8
(32-bit)	11551.7	11551.7	11612.2	5161.0	5161.0	5198.4	5068.8	5775.8	5775.8
Scr to Scr BitBlt (16-bit)	16665.6	16588.8	16596.5	13455.4	13409.3	13585.9	13232.6	12449.3	12441.6
(32-bit)	22725.1	22778.9	22794.2	14353.9	14323.2	14553.6	13885.4	15828.5	15851.5
EGA/VGA Graphics Mode (PC Labs 6.0)

WINDOWS GRAPHICS BENCHMARK

WINBENCH version 2.5 is the PC Magazine benchmark for measuring graphics performance under Microsoft Windows. The graphics functions that are used most often by Windows applications are tested and the results are weighted according to how frequently the function is used. The final Winmark number is a geometric mean of 12 different WINBENCH tests, expressed in millions of pixels per second (Mp/sec).

TBD

BYTE BENCHMARKS, VERSION 2.1

The Byte Magazine suite exercises the CPU subsystem, memory subsystem, disk I/O subsystem and floating-point circuitry under a 16-bit DOS environment. The results are expressed as an index number based on i386DX and i486DX systems previously tested.

CPU INDEX - i486DX2/66 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
AT Class	15.01	15.00	13.17	12.56	10.56	12.34	10.26	11.02	8.64
386 Class	5.83	5.83	4.86	4.86	3.75	4.74	3.63	4.08	2.95
i486DX/33 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
AT Class	8.96	8.96	8.20	No Test	No Test	8.44	7.36	7.83	6.42
386 Class	3.64	3.64	3.19	No Test	No Test	3.36	2.78	3.08	2.35
 CPU Index  (Byte 2.1)

FPU INDEX - i486DX2/66 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
AT Class	66.27	66.27	66.26	65.91	65.91	66.25	66.25	66.08	66.08
386 Class	9.27	9.27	9.27	9.22	9.22	9.27	9.27	9.25	9.25
i486DX/33 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
AT Class	33.13	33.13	33.13	No Test	No Test	33.13	33.13	33.04	33.04
386 Class	4.64	4.64	4.64	No Test	No Test	4.64	4.64	4.62	4.62
FPU Index (Byte 2.1)

DISK INDEX - i486DX2/66 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
AT Class	2.54	2.71	2.79	2.80	2.80	2.53	2.55	2.52	2.48
386 Class	1.48	1.58	1.62	1.63	1.63	1.47	1.48	1.47	1.45
i486DX/33 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
AT Class	2.77	2.72	2.57	No Test	No Test	2.46	2.47	2.52	2.49
386 Class	1.61	1.58	1.49	No Test	No Test	1.43	1.44	1.47	1.45
Disk Index (Byte 2.1)

VIDEO INDEX - i486DX2/66 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
AT Class	45.07	45.07	44.95	33.27	33.18	28.86	28.82	13.96	13.87
386 Class	5.49	5.49	5.48	4.05	4.04	3.52	3.51	1.70	1.69
i486DX/33 SYSTEMS
	Professional/GX			Compaq DeskPro/i		Intel PWS		Intel Classic
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	64KB	None	128KB	None	128KB	None
AT Class	28.87	28.87	28.84	No Test	No Test	20.00	19.97	11.86	11.99
386 Class	3.52	3.52	3.51	No Test	No Test	2.44	2.43	1.45	1.46
 Video Index (Byte 2.1)

SPEC Cfp92 and CINT92

The SPEC CINT92 amd CFP92 suites are a series of CPU-intensive engineering and scientific programs designed to measure CPU, Cache, Floating-Point and Memory performance. Each timing is divided into the SPEC reference time for that benchmark to provide a SPECmark ratio. The SPEC suites are widely used in the industry and many consider them the most credible standards for measuring compute performance. Tests were run on a DX2/66 system with 32MB DRAM; second level cache of 0KB, 64KB, 128KB; a 213MB hard drive and SCO UNIX 3.2.4.

SPECfp92 (Floating-Point): A measurement of raw number-crunching mathematics power. SPECfp92 is expressed as the geometric mean of the SPECratios on the 14 floating point intensive benchmarks.

SPECint92 (Integer): A useful measurement of raw CPU power. SPECint92 is expressed as the geometric mean of the SPECratios of the six Cint92 integer-intensive benchmarks.

PROFESSIONAL/GX i486DX2/66 FLOATING POINT TESTS

	128KB Cache	64KB Cache	No Cache
Benchmark	Reference	Time	Ratio	Time	Ratio	Time	Ratio
013.spice2g6	24000	1175.5	20.42	1233.4	19.46	1506.8	15.93
015.doduc	1860	159.1	11.69	167.9	11.08	203.7	9.13
034.mdljp2	7090	431.9	16.42	443	16.00	455.4	15.57
0.39.wave5	3700	335.1	11.04	353.1	10.48	408.7	9.05
047.tomcatv	2650	300	8.83	307.8	8.61	293.9	9.02
048.ora	7420	329.3	22.53	331	22.42	332.3	22.33
052.alvinn	7690	299.7	25.66	309.8	24.82	319	24.11
056.ear	25500	623.7	40.89	636.4	40.07	685.6	37.19
077.mdljsp2	3350	383.4	8.74	391.2	8.56	397.6	8.43
078.swm256	12700	2846.6	4.46	2888.5	4.40	2974.6	4.27
089su2cor	12900	769.9	16.76	848.9	15.20	957.1	13.48
090.hydro2d	13700	1316.18	10.41	1349	10.16	1383.9	9.90
093.nasa7	16800	943.9	17.80	992	16.94	1076.5	15.61
094.fpppp	9200	542.7	16.95	573.9	16.03	655	14.05
SPECfp92		14.5	13.9	12.9
PROFESSIONAL/GX i486DX2/66 INTEGER TESTS

008.espresso	2270	73.4	30.93	76.6	29.63	85.1	26.67
022.li	6210	155.9	39.83	165.2	37.59	185.6	33.46
023.eqntott	1100	37.5	29.33	38.5	28.57	39.2	28.06
026.compress	2770	135.4	20.46	139.5	19.86	154.9	17.88
072.sc	4530	92.3	49.08	96.4	46.99	106.7	42.46
085.gcc	5460	197.3	27.67	208.9	26.14	259.5	21.04
SPECint92		31.6	30.3	27.1
Professional/GX SPECfp92 and SPECint92 Benchmark Results, i486DX2/66 CPU

PROFESSIONAL/GX i486DX/33 FLOATING POINT TESTS

	128KB Cache	64KB Cache	No Cache
Benchmark	Reference	Time	Ratio	Time	Ratio	Time	Ratio
013.spice2g6	24000	2015.5	11.91	2057	11.67	2282.8	10.51
015.doduc	1860	278.2	6.69	285.8	6.51	316.6	5.87
034.mdljp2	7090	848.3	8.36	855	8.29	867.8	8.17
0.39.wave5	3700	616.1	6.01	629.5	5.88	673	5.50
047.tomcatv	2650	523.1	5.07	575.4	4.61	600	4.42
048.ora	7420	659.3	11.25	659.1	11.26	660.2	11.24
052.alvinn	7690	566.3	13.58	574.4	13.39	594.1	12.94
056.ear	25500	1223.4	20.84	1233.1	20.68	1274	20.02
077.mdljsp2	3350	765.7	4.38	768	4.36	775.2	4.32
078.swm256	12700	5574.1	2.28	5605.4	2.27	5690.9	2.23
089su2cor	12900	1338.3	9.64	1399.8	9.22	1481.7	8.71
090.hydro2d	13700	2536.6	5.40	2553.3	5.37	2581.3	5.31
093.nasa7	16800	1593.2	10.54	1641.9	10.23	1712.3	9.81
094.fpppp	9200	1026	8.97	1042.7	8.82	1079	8.53
SPECfp92		7.81	7.65	7.34
PROFESSIONAL/GX i486DX/33 INTEGER TESTS

008.espresso	2270	133.60	16.99	138.2	16.43	144.20	15.74
022.li	6210	264.70	23.46	268.5	23.13	285.50	21.75
023.eqntott	1100	68.00	16.18	68.9	15.97	69.60	15.80
026.compress	2770	188.30	14.71	195	14.21	206.50	13.41
072.sc	4530	158.80	28.53	162.8	27.83	170.70	26.54
085.gcc	5460	299.80	18.21	311.7	17.52	352.90	15.47
SPECint92		19.15	18.64	17.61
 Professional/GX SPECfp92 and SPECint92 Benchmark Results, i486DX/33 CPU

DHRYSTONE SUITE

Dhrystone cycles are a measurement of processor speed when executing a "typical" program. The benchmark was designed after a survey of the processing characteristics of a large number of user programs. Version 2.1 was the result of a 1988 re-evaluation of the Dhrystone test. It is intended to provide a more realistic benchmark by defeating some compiler optimizations that had become common, but which were not representative of those applied to actual user programs. Dhrystone version 2.1 results tend to be lower than those for version 1.1.

This benchmark performs only fixed-point calculations and performs virutally no floating-point operations or I/O transfers across the EISA/ISA bus. Execution is heavily dependent on the 32-bit compiler used and may occur using internal registers (r) or with no registers (nr) used. The Dhrystone benchmark is a small program which easily fits into a 16KB cache.

MIPS (millions of instructions per second) benchmarks are a derivative of the Dhrystone results.

Processor	Professional/GX i486DX2/66			Professional/GX i486DX/33
Cache	128KB	64KB	None	128KB	64KB	None
Dhry11nr4	46765	45078	45011	24701	24701	24681
Dhry11r4	46765	45078	44977	24701	24701	24671
Dhry21nr4	39578	39578	39473.7	20877	20862	20848
Dhry21r4	39578	39578	39525.7	20877	20862	20848
Whetsf (MIPS)	15.404	15.337	15.318	7.678	7.679	7.673
Whetdf (MIPS)	14.692	14.652	14.584	7.344	7.345	7.339
 Professional/GX Dhrystone Benchmark Results

BAPCO SUITE

The Business Applications Performance Corporation (BAPCo) test suite consists of 11 real PC applications, which are divided into 6 categories:

1.	Word Processing

Word for Windows

WordPerfect

2.	Spreadsheet

1-2-3

Excel

Quattro Pro

3.	Database

DBASE IV

Paradox

4.	Desktop Publishing

Pagemaker 4.0

5.	Software Development

Borland C++

Microsoft C

6.	Graphics

Harvard Graphics

The test suite launches macro files which execute real work in each application. The current version of BAPCO supports only Windows 3.0 and VGA drivers. As a result, the Windows application benchmarks do not show the benefits of the Professional/GX accelerated graphics, although the power of the CPU/Memory section and local bus linear frame buffer can be seen.

Processor	DX2/66	DX2/66	DX/33
Cache Size	0KB	64KB	0KB
Wordprocessing	177.7	208.08	119.51
Spreadsheet	187.11	206.82	125.78
Database	149.76	176.41	106.06
Desktop Graphics	183.19	211.39	131.91
Desktop Publishing	217.51	247.53	147.3
Software Development	220.08	242.69	162.88
SYSmark92	181.13	208.16	124.78
Professional/GX BAPCO Results

The following chart compares the SYSmark92 score (derived from a weighted geometric mean of the individual catagories) for DX2/66 systems:

BAPCO SYSMark92 Result Comparison, i486DX2/66 Systems


Professional/GX Additional Information Menu

Jumper Settings	MTBF Data
Setup Options	Environmental Specifications
Literature	Baseboard Connectors
Installable Components	Support Information
Supported Peripherals	Video Modes


Professional/GX Jumper Settings
Jumper Settings

JUMPER BLOCK E0160
FUNCTION	NORMAL
On-board video enable  (VE)	1-3	2-4 disable on-board video
On-board  SCSI enable  (SE)	5-7	6-8 disable on-board SCSI
Floppy write enable (FE)	9-11	10-12 write protect floppy
Audio secondary address (AO)	13-15	14-16 secondary audio address
JUMPER BLOCK E0161
FUNCTION	NORMAL
Clear CMOS   (CM)	1-3	2-4 force CMOS defaults
Clear  Password   (PW)	5-7	6-8 clear password
Recovery BIOS  (RV)	9-11	10-12 enable recovery BIOS
BIOS write  protect (BW)	13-15	14-16 disable flash updates
JUMPER BLOCK E0480
FUNCTION
Primary  CPU type  (DX)	1-3 DX CPU	2-4  SX CPU
CPU speed  (SP)	5-7 33 MHz	6-8  25 MHz
Cache size (128)	9-11 128Kbyte	10-12  64Kbyte
Cache size  (128)	13-15 128Kbyte	14-16  64Kbyte
JUMPERS E0810, E0811
FUNCTION	Not Installed	Installed
RAMDAC write control	RAMDAC  writes do not propagate to EISA slots. This is the standard setting and  results in the best on-board video performance.	RAMDAC writes propagate to EISA slots. This setting should be used only if another video card is connected to the VESA connector.
A diagram of the jumper locations and functions is included on the inside of the chassis top cover.


Professional/GX Setup Options
Setup Options

When the clear CMOS jumper is used, the following settings are loaded into CMOS memory:

Setup Options Page 1

Setup Options Page 2

Setup Options Page 3


Setup Options - Page 1

BIOS SETUP Field	Default Setting	Comments
Page 1 Settings
System Time	NA	Not affected by the Clear CMOS jumper or load default values.
System Date	NA	Not affected by the Clear CMOS jumper or load default values.
Onboard Floppy	Enabled
Diskette	3.5", 1.44 MB
Onboard IDE	Disabled
Hard Disk	Not Installed
Onboard SCSI	Disabled
User definable hard drive	types 2 and 3

Setup Options Page 2

Setup Options Page 3


Setup Options - Page 2

BIOS SETUP Field	Default Setting	Comments
Page 2 Settings
Base Memory above 512K	Enabled
Post Memory Test Prompt	Enabled
Post Setup Prompt	Disabled
Speaker	Enabled
Audio	Enabled
Onboard Mouse	Enabled
Parallel Port	Enable:Compatible
Serial Port 1	Enabled
Serial Port 2	Enabled

Setup Options Page 3

Setup Options Page 1


Setup Options - Page 3

Page 3 Settings
Video Type	VGA/EGA
Off board VGA/EGA Adapter installed	YES
Keyboard	Not Installed
Numlock at boot	No
Password	Not installed
CPU Speed	Fast
Cache	Enabled
Shadow C0000 - C7FFF	Disabled
Shadow C8000 - CFFFF	Disabled
Shadow D0000 - D7FFF	Disabled
Shadow D8000 - DFFFF	Disabled
Shadow E0000 - E7FFF	Disabled
Note:	When off-board BIOS is shadowed, it is copied into read only RAM.

Setup Options Page 1

Setup Options Page 2


Professional/GX Literature
Literature

L486-Series Software Installation &

Configuration Guide	611349-001

L486-Series Product Guide	611369-001

Technical Product Summary	281552-001

Position Paper  	281553-001

Benchmark Report	281554-001

Fact Sheet	281555-001

Video Tape and Demo	Call


Professional/GX Installable Components
Installable Components

OverDrive Processor Socket:	Intel i487SX Coprocessor or OverDrive Processors

see OverDrive Processor Socket for more details

External Cache Socket: 64K or 128k two way set associative

SIMM Memory:

see Qualified SIMM Vendors for details

Video Memory:	256Kx4, 80 ns, VRAM	KM402256-80


Professional/GX Supported Peripherals
Supported Peripherals

The following devices have been qualified by Intel as being compatible with the Professional Workstation product line:

IDE:	Quantum 525, Quantum 105AT,  Seagate 3550A, Maxtor 7120, Maxtor 7213,

Conner CP30104h

* conner 30544 has been tested and fails on all Intel Based Platforms.

SCSI:	Quantum 105S,  Seagate 3283n, Maxtor LXT213, Fujitsu M2624fa

Removable Media Drives: Teac as shipped.

Keyboard: BTC (AT), Cherry-narrow, Cherry-regular, Chicony(AT), HI-Tek(AT), HI-Tek(PS/2), IBM(PS/2), Keytronics(AT), OEMMax(AT), Tatung (PS/2), AT&T 305b

Mice: Microsoft PS/2, Microsoft serial, Microsoft Bus, Logitech PS/2, Logitech serial, Logitech Bus, Mouse systems.

CD ROM Drives: Toshiba 3304 Internal and External, Toshiba  XM-3301, Sound Blaster Pro CDROM

Tape Drives:	HP DAT, Archive 2150S

Miscellaneous: Hardcard 40MB, Bernoulli Box II, DCP-286I Diagnostic, DCP/MUXi, IRMA 2,

IRMA 3, Hayes 9600, Intel 2400EX, Procomm Plus 1200, Procomm Plus 2400, Intel's MTEZ 2400, First choice 2400, Crosstalk 2400, Intel Satisfaxtion Modem.


Physical Dimensions

System Dimensions	US Measurements	Metric
Height	3.0 inches	7.62 cm
Width	15.5 inches	39.37 cm
Depth	15.25 inches	38.74 cm
Weight (w/o peripherals)	20 lbs.	11.36 kg


Power Suppy Ratings
Power Supply Current Ratings

Voltage	Maximum Continuous Current	Peak Surge for 15 seconds
+5 Volts	18.0 Amps	-
-5 Volts	0.4 Amps	-
+12 Volts	5.0 Amps	-
-12 Volts	0.4 Amps	-
System Current Usage

The power budget assumes a 65% derating of worst case board power consumption.

Power	+5V	+12V	-12V	-5V
Supply	18.00A	3.00A	0.40A	0.40A
	+5V	+12V	-12V	-5V
Baseboard	7.3 Amps	0.38 Amps	None	None
Floppy	0.50 Amps	None	None	None
Total	7.8 Amps	0.38 Amps	None	None
Available for IDE drive and expansion slots	10.2 Amps	2.62 Amps	0.40 Amps	0.40 Amps
Available Power Outputs


Certification and Regulatory
Certifications and Regulatory

Regulatory Standards

The Professional/GX will meet or exceed the following regulatory requirements.

Safety Certifications

Underwriters Laboratories	UL1950	Listed

Canadian Standards Assn.	CSA C22.2 No.950-M89     	Certified

TUV Rheinland of N.A.     	EN 60 950-1988 + A1/A2   	Certified

NEMKO (Norway)           	EN 60 950-1988 + A1/A2   	Certified

(includes SEMKO, Sweden,

SETI, & Finland Certifications)

EMI Certifications

Federal Communications Comm.	CFR 47, Parts 2 and 15    	Authorized                                         	Class B

German Post Office        	CISPR 22, Class B          	Registered to Vfg. 243/1991

Canadian Dept. of Comm.    	C.R.C., c.1374, Class B   	Compliant

Voluntary Control Council     	 	Class 2 I.T.E.       	Registered

VDE (Germany)                  	VDE 0871 Class B      	Tested/Compliant

NEMKO  (Norway)           	EN 55 022, Class B 	     	Certified

(includes SEMKO, Sweden,

SETI, & Finland Certifications)


Professional/GX Environmental Specifications
Environmental Specifications

The Professional/GX system meets the Board level Specifications as specified in the Intel Systems Environmental Limits Specification 112000 Rev H. The following summarizes the system environmental limits.

TEMPERATURE

Non-Operating	-40oC to 70oC
Operating	+10oC to +40oC
HUMIDITY
Non-Operating	92% RH at +36 oC
Operating	80% RH at +36 oC
VIBRATION
Non-Operating	Random input, 0.001 g2/Hz at 5Hz, sloping to 0.01 g2/Hz at 20Hz, and maintaining 0.01 g2/Hz from 20Hz to 500Hz.
SHOCK
Non-Operating	Amplitude of 30g, trapezoidal waveform
Operating	Amplitude of 2G, 11 msec, 1/2 sine waveform
ALTITUDE
Non-operating	50,000 feet  (pressure altitude)
Operating	10,000 feet  (pressure altitude)
ESD
Operating	0-2.5Kv  No Errors
	5Kv        5% soft errors, 0% hard errors, 0% physical damage
	7.5Kv     10% soft errors, 0% hard errors, 0% physical damage
	10Kv      25% soft errors, 5% hard errors, 0% physical damage
	12.5Kv   50% soft errors, 10% hard errors, 0% physical damage
	15Kv      100%soft errors, 25% hard errors, 0% physical damage
	25Kv      100% soft errors, 100% hard errors, 0% physical damage
EMI
	Certified FCC B, comply to VDE/CISPR B and VCCI class 2


Professional/GX Baseboard Connectors
Baseboard Connectors

Back panel Connections

J0810 - Power Connector

Type:	Single Row Header Style (Male)

Pinout:	1	RAWST

2	+5

3	+12

4	-12

5	GND

6	GND

7	GND

8	GND

9	-5

10	+5

11	+5

12	+5

13	+5

14	+5

15	GND

16	GND

17	-12

18	HD Active

19	Front Panel Reset

20	Speaker Data

J0500 - Serial port Connector 1

Type:	9-Pin D-sub (Male)

Pinout:	PC AT standard

J0400 - Serial port Connector 2

Type:	9-Pin D-sub (Male)

Pinout:	PC AT standard

J0300 - Parallel Port

Type:	25-pin Centronics type (Female)

Pinout:	PC AT standard

J0600 - External SCSI Port Connector

Type:	Fine pitch, 50 pin SCSI-2 (Female)

Pinout:	1	GND	26	Data 0

2	GND	27	Data 1

3	GND	28	Data 2

4	GND	29	Data 3

5	GND	30	Data 4

6	GND	31	Data 5

7	GND	33	Data 6

8	GND	34	Data 7

9	GND	35	Data Parity

10	GND	35	GND

11	GND	36	GND

12	GND	37	GND

13	N/C	38	Terminator Power

14	GND	39	GND

15	GND	40	GND

16	GND	41	SCSI Attn

17	GND	42	GND

18	GND	43	SCSI Busy

29	GND	44	SCSI Ack

20	GND	45	SCSI Rst

21	GND	46	SCSI Msg

22	GND	47	SCSI Sel

23	GND	48	SCSI CD

24	GND	49	SCSI Req

25	GND	50	SCSI IO

J0200 - PS/2 Mouse Connector

Type:	PS/2 (Female)

Pinout:	1	Data

2	N/C

3	GND

4	+5

5	Clock

6	N/C

7	GND

8	GND

9	GND

J0100 - PS/2 Keyboard Connector

Type:	PS/2 (Female)

Pinout:	1	Data

2	N/C

3	GND

4	+5

5	Clock

6	N/C

7	GND

8	GND

9	GND

J0800 - VGA Video Connector

Type:	15-pin minature D-sub (Female)

GND	N/C	Blue	Green	Red
GND	N/C	GND	GND	GND
N/C	Vert. Sync.	Horiz. Sync.	N/C	N/C
J0610 - VESA Video Pass-thru Connector

Type:	3M style, double row header, 26 pin (Male)

Data 0	Data 1	Data 2	Data 3	Data 4	Data 5	Data 6	Data 7	DOTC	BLANK	VBHSR	VBVSR	GND
GND	GND	GND	DEN	SYNCEN	DOTCEN	N/C	GND	GND	GND	GND	N/C	N/C


Professional/GX Video Modes
Video Modes

 Alphanumeric/VGA graphics modes- IBM Compatible

MODES	Box Size	CHARxROWColors
0 and 1 CGA	8x8	40x25 16
0 and 1* EGA	8x14	40x25 16/64
0 and 1+ VGA	9x16	40x25 16/256K
2 and 3 CGA	8x8	80x25 16
2 and 3* EGA	8x14	80x26 16/64
2 and 3+ VGA	9x16	80x25 16/256K
7 MDA EGA	9x14 9x14	80x25 Mono 80x25 2/64
7+ VGA	9x16	80x25 2/256K
23 27 33 37	8x16 8x16 8x8 8x8	132X25 16/64 132X25 Mono 132X44 16 132X44 Mono
4 and 5 CGA EGA VGA	320x200 320x200 320x200	4 (2 sets) 4/64 4/256K
6 CGA EGA VGA	640x200 640x200 640x200	2 2/64 2/256K
D EGA VGA	320x200 320x200	16/64 16/256K
E EGA VGA	640x200 640x200	16/64 16/256K
F EGA VGA	640x350 640x350	16/64 16/256K
10 EGA VGA	640x350 640x350	16/64 16/256K
11 VGA	640x480	2/256K
12 VGA	640x480	16/256K
13 VGA	320x200	256/256K (mono - 64 gray scale)
Hercu1 HERCU1	720x348	Mono
Hercu2 HERCU2	640x400	Mono
ATI Extended Video Modes

54	800x600	16/256K
55	1024x768	16/256K
62	640x480	256/256K
63	800x600	256/256K
64	1024x768	256/256K
* enhanced EGA 0*,1*,2*, and 3*

+ enhanced VGA 0+,1+,2+,3+, and 7+

Graphics Hardware

The Professional/GX features an ATI 68800 graphics accelerator and a Video RAM (VRAM) linear frame buffer which reside on a 32-bit synchronous extension of the CPU local bus. Locating the graphics subsystem on the CPU local bus allows bit-mapped images to be delivered to the display memory at the 33MHz local bus speed instead of the 8MHz speed of the relatively slow I/O bus.

The ability to move data efficiently to the video display memory becomes increasingly important with multimedia applications such as Video For Windows. In these applications the displayed image is constantly changing (as opposed to being manipulated) requiring large amounts of data to be constantly moved from system memory to display memory. These applications benefit from the high available bandwidth and the speed of the Professional/GX local bus VRAM linear frame buffer.

More traditional windowed applications such as word processors, spreadsheets, and drawing programs

benefit from the accelerated compute and data-movement capabilities of the Professional/GX. These applications manipulate a relatively constant set of graphics data  a document, spreadsheet, or drawing  by scrolling, re-sizing, and moving the windowed images. In  non-accelerated VGA or Super VGA systems, this places a tremendous burden on the CPU which must maintain and manipulate the video image in system memory and transport the pixel data to the video display memory over the slow I/O bus. The Professional/GX performs graphics functions such as Bit Block Transfers (BitBlts), point to point line draws, polygon fills, and clipping in the hardware, providing a dramatic performance advantage when running graphic intensive software, such as Microsoft Windows, OS/2, or AutoCad.

Running in 1024 x 768 x 256 color mode, the Professional/GX performs over 30 million Winmarks (Winbench version 2.5). This is more than 700% faster than the 4.3 million Winmarks available from the Intel Professional Workstation using the Western Digital WD90C31 graphics controller.

The use of high-quality Video RAM instead of DRAM in the Professional/GX graphics subsystem allows high refresh rates when operating in high resolution and high-color modes. High refresh rates result in less screen flicker and less eye strain than low refresh rates. DRAM also is single ported, meaning that pixel data can not be written into it at the same time that pixel data is being transferred from the video memory to the monitor. As resolution and color depth increase on a DRAM-based system, there is a degradation in performance and the ability to provide high refresh rates. This is because the part of the system that is putting information into the DRAMs is competing with the part which is taking information out of the DRAMs. Video RAM is dual ported, meaning that pixel data can be written to it (by the CPU or the 68800) at the same time that pixel data is transferred out to the monitor. High refresh rates are available even as screen resolution and color depth increase. The linear frame buffer maps the entire range of VRAM within a contiguous area, negating the need for costly page manipulations when accessing the frame buffer.

Not all applications require the same level of graphics capabilities. In recognition of this, there are two graphic hardware options available within the five Professional/GX base configurations. The difference between the two options is the RAMDAC and amount of VRAM used. The standard resolution versions of the Professional/GX are equipped with an ATI 68830 RAMDAC and 1MB of VRAM. These systems provide up to 1024 x 768 resolution. The high resolution versions of the Professional/GX are equipped with a TI 34075 RAMDAC and 2MB of VRAM, and will provide up to 1280 x 1024 resolution. Both standard and high resolution modes are certified FCC and VDE class B, even at the highest resolutions and refresh rates.

Resolution and color depth depend on the amount of VRAM and the type of RAMDAC. Tables 4a and 4b summarize the available resolution and color depth combinations for the standard and high resolution systems. Appendix H provides complete information on graphic output parameters.

Resolution	Displayed Colors	Bit Planes	Max. Refresh
640 x 480	65,536	16	72 Hz.
800 x 600	256	8	76 Hz.
1024 x 768	256	8	76 Hz.
Resolution	Displayed Colors	Bit Planes	Max. Refresh
640 x 480	16,777,216	24	72 Hz.
800 x 600	16,777,216	24	76 Hz.
1024 x 768	65,536	16	72 Hz.
1280 x 1024	256	8	74 Hz.

The standard resolution version is not field upgradable to high resolution, however it contains sockets which allow it to be upgraded to 2MB of VRAM. This does not increase the maximum resolution, but does allow greater color depths at the available resolutions. It also allows a full 1MB of VRAM to be dedicated to 8514/A functionality when running software which uses both 8514/A and VGA modes, but which is not capable of sharing memory between the two modes (such as OS/2). The Graphics Software section contains further details on 8514/A mode considerations.

CRT PARAMETERS

The selected resolution and vertical refresh rate will determine whether an interlaced CRT is required. The following table summarizes the CRT requirements for each configuration. An "i" following a vertical frequency number indicates interlaced operation.

Resolution	Color Depth	Vertical Frequency (Hz)	Horizontal Frequency (Khz)	Standard Resolution	High Resolution
	8	60	31.5	YES	YES
	8	72	37.0	YES	YES
	8	72	44.6	YES	YES
	16	60	31.5	YES	YES
640 x 480	16	72	37.0	YES	YES
	16	72	44.6	YES	YES
	24	60	31.5	NO	YES
	24	72	37.0	NO	YES
	24	72	44.6	NO	YES
	8	89i	31.5	YES	YES
	8	95i	33.8	YES	YES
	8	56	35.2	YES	YES
	8	60	37.9	YES	YES
	8	70	44.5	YES	YES
	8	72	48.0	YES	YES
	8	76	52.4	YES	YES
	16	89i	31.5	NO	YES
	16	95i	33.8	NO	YES
800 x 600	16	56	35.2	NO	YES
	16	60	37.9	NO	YES
	16	70	44.5	NO	YES
	16	72	48.0	NO	YES
	16	76	52.4	NO	YES
	24	89i	31.5	NO	YES
	24	95i	33.8	NO	YES
	24	56	35.2	NO	YES
	24	60	37.9	NO	YES
	24	70	44.5	NO	YES
	24	72	48.0	NO	YES
	8	87i	35.5	YES	YES
	8	60	48.4	YES	YES
	8	66	53.9	YES	YES
	8	70	56.1	YES	YES
	8	72	57.9	YES	YES
1024 x 768	8	76	61.4	YES	YES
	16	87i	35.5	NO	YES
	16	60	48.4	NO	YES
	16	66	53.9	NO	YES
	16	70	56.1	NO	YES
	16	72	57.9	NO	YES
	4	87i	50.0	NO	YES
	4	97i	50.0	NO	YES
	4	60	64.0	NO	YES
	4	70	74.6	NO	YES
1280 x 1024	4	74	81.1	NO	YES
	8	87i	50.0	NO	YES
	8	97i	50.0	NO	YES
	8	60	64.0	NO	YES
	8	70	74.6	NO	YES
	8	74	81.1	NO	YES


Professional/GX System Resources
System resources

System Memory Map

System I/O Map

System Interrupts


MEMORY MAP
System Memory Map

Address Range	Amount	Function
7A100000h or 7A200000h to FFFFFFFFh	2.142 or 2.143 GB depending on configuration	Extended Memory
7A000000H to  7A0FFFFFh or 7A1FFFFFh	1 or 2 MB depending on configuration	Linear Frame Buffer (VRAM)
100000h to 7A000000h	1.952 GB	Extended Memory
F0000h to FFFFFh	64 KB	System BIOS (shadowed)
E0000h to EFFFFh	64 KB	Free for EMM *
0C8000h to 0DFFFFh	96KB	Free for EMM, cards
0C0000h to 0C7FFFh	32 KB	Video BIOS (shadowed)
0A0000h to 0BFFFFh	128 KB	Video display controller RAM
80000h to 9FFFFh	128 KB	Base memory enabled in Setup
0h to 7FFFFh	512 KB	Base memory
Run TIme Memory Map

* This area contains configuration and initialization code which is not used during run time and is available for use by extended memory managers. However, add in cards should not be mapped to this area to avoid conflicts during system initialization.

System I/O Map

System Interrupts


I/O MEMORY MAP
System I/O Address Map

Port	Bits	Function	Alias (#'s refer to Port)
0000-000F		ISP -- DMA	0000 000x ####
0020-0021		ISP -- Interrupt Controller 1	0000 001x xx##
0026-0027		CLASIC -- CIR/CDR	None
0040-0043		ISP -- Timer 1	0000 010x ####
0048-004B		ISP -- Timer 2	0000 010x ####
0060		Keyboard Controller - data byte	0000 0110 00x0
0061		ISP -- NMI, speaker control	None
0064		Keyboard Controller - command & status byte	0000 0110 01x0
0070	7	ISP -- Enable NMI	0000 0111 0xx0
0070	6:0	Real Time Clock (Addr)	0000 0111 0xx0
0071		Real Time Clock (Data)	0000 0111 0xx1
0074-0077		Reserved for future INT-15 access to Dallas 1387 extended CMOS.
0078		Clasic BIOS Timer	None
0080-008F		ISP -- DMA	None
0092		Clasic System Control Port A	None
00A0-00A1		ISP -- Interrupt Controller 2	0000 101x xx##
00C0-00DE		ISP -- DMA	0000 1100 ###x
00F0		Reset Numeric Error	None
100-105		GRAPHICS - ATI68800	None
01F0-01F7		IDE	None
220-22F		Audio default  address
0278-027B		Parallel 3 (PS2) or Par. 2 ISA	0010 0111 1x##
02E8-02EF		Graphics - ATI68800	* See note
02F8-02FF		Serial 2	None
340-35F		SCSI	None
0378-037F		Parallel 2 (PS2) or Par. 1 ISA	0011 0111 1x##
03B0-03BB		MDA/CGA/EGA/VGA/Paradise	None
03BC-03BF		Parallel 1 (PS2)	None
03BF-03DF		3BF is a write-only  port in the 16C552. Not used by 16C452.
03E8-03EF		Serial 3	None
03F0-03F5		Floppy	None
03F6		IDE	None
03F7	7:0	Floppy (Write)	None
03F7	7	Floppy (Read)	None
03F7	6:0	IDE (Read)	None
03F8-03FF		Serial 1	None
0400-040B		ISP -- High DMA	None
040C-040F		ISP -- Control/Test	None
0461-0464		ISP -- Extended NMI	None
0464-0465		ISP -- Bus Master	None
0480-048F		ISP -- High DMA	None
04C2-04CE		ISP -- Extended DMA	None
04D0-04D1		ISP -- INTR Edge/Level	None
04D2-04FF		ISP -- Extended DMA	None
06E8-06EF		Graphics - ATI68800	* See note
0800-083F	3:0	Emerald CONFIGURATION REGS
0C02		Clasic Control Port B - Gen. Purpose Outputs	None
0C03		Clasic Control Port C  - Gen. Purpose Inputs	None
0C04		Clasic Control Port D	None
0C80- 0C83		Clasic Baseboard EISA ID, bytes 0 - 3	None
*		ATI
5050-505F		Sapphire Audio Chip	None
I/O Map

*  The ATI 68800 chip decodes every ISA bus alias of addresses 2E8 and 2EE for additional control registers. For example, 06E8, 06EE, 0AE8, 0AEE, 0EE8, 0EEE, 12E8, 12EE, 16E8, 16EE, 1AE8, 1AEE, 1EE8, 1EEE .... FEEE. These ISA aliases are trapped by the ATI 68800 and are not propagated to the ISA bus. Refer to the ATI document "Programmer's Guide to the mach32 Registers, Rel 1.0" for details regarding these registers.

System Memory Map

System Interrupts


System Interrupts

The following table and text identifies how each interrupt on the Professional Workstation is used.

Interrupt Request	System Only	EISA Bus Pin
NMI	Parity Error
0	Reserved, Interval Timer
1	Reserved, Keyboard buffer full
2	Reserved, Cascade interrupt from slave PIC
3	On-bd Serial Port 2	119
4	On-bd Serial Port 1	118
5	User available	117
6	On-bd Floppy	116
7	On-bd Parallel Port	115
8	RTC
9	Optional SCSI/LAN	98
10	Optional SCSI/LAN  (default LAN)	128
11	Optional SCSI/LAN  (default SCSI)	129
12	On-bd Mouse Port if enabled, else user available	130
13	Reserved, Math coprocessor
14	IDE Interrupt	132
15	Optional SCSI/LAN	131

Notes:

1)  IRQ 9, 10, 11, and 15 can be set via the ECU for user available, on-board LAN, or on-board SCSI.

2)  IRQ 0, 1, 2, 8, and 13 cannot be used by an add-in card.  In PC-XT compatible systems, IRQ 2 was available for use on the  XT-Bus.  In PC-AT compatible systems, IRQ 2 is not available for use on the bus.  Some older ISA expansion boards have an option to use IRQ 2.  This should not be selected when such a board is installed in a Professional Workstation system.

System Memory Map

System I/O Map


Professional/GX MTBF Data
MTBF Data

The following table lists the "hard" MTBF for the Professional/GX system. The term "hard" refers to the type of failure. A hard failure indicates a permanent or repeatable failure which can be remedied by replacing the faulty part with a good part.

Product Code	Mean Time Between Failure
L486D2668FAH	23,630
L486DX338FAH	Not Available at time of publication
L486D2668FAS	25,485
L486DX334FAS	24,729
L486SX334FAS	24,729
System MTBF


Professional/GX Customer Support
Customer Support

This product is backed by Intel's industry leading support groups including Network Services Division (NSD) and IntelTechDirect.  NSD can help with many of your network integration and service needs including providing world wide network integration and system repair services.  IntelTechDirect provides the following 3 major services:

•	iPAN (Intel Product Assistance Network)

An electronic Bulletin board with current product information, demo software and 	more...

Accessible via a 1200,2400 , 9600, or 14.4K BAUD modem. Call iPALS for further 	information.

•	iPUB (Intel Product Update Bulletin)

A monthly publication containing product specific information.

•	iPALS (Intel Phone Action Line Support)

A direct telephone support line backed by highly qualified and well trained technical personnel.

For further information about IntelTechDirect please contact your local Intel Sales Representative.


Professional/GX Product Order Codes
Product Order Codes

Market Order Code (MOC)	Description
L486D2668FAH	66MHz i486DX2 System, 8 MB, 1.4 MB floppy, 64K cache, 1280x1024, IDE cable
L486DX338FAH	33MHz i486DX System, 8 MB, 1.4 MB floppy, NO cache, 1280x1024, IDE cable
L486D2668FAS	66 MHz i486DX2 System, 8 MB, 1.4 MB floppy, 64K cache, 1024x768, IDE cable
L486DX334FAS	33 MHz i486DX System, 4 MB, 1.4 MB floppy, NO cache, 1024x768, IDE cable
L486SX334FAS	33 MHz i486SX System, 4 MB, 1.4 MB floppy, NO cache, 1024x768, IDE cable
L486CACHE128	CACHE Kit: 128K simm, 82485 cache Controller, and literature
L486DIAG	Test Software with literature
L486VRAM	1MB VRAM kit for standard resolution systems.
GX486US	Country Kit for United States: SW, manuals, and Power Cord
GX486EUR	Country Kit for Europe: SW, manuals, and Power Cord
GX486XX	Other country kits to be released.


Professional/GX Memory Menu
Memory Menu

System Memory Features

Qualified SIMM Vendors

SIMM Configuration Guide


Qualified SIMM Vendors
Qualified SIMMS Vendors for the Professional/GX

DRAM

The Professional/GX can be upgraded with 36-pin single sided or 72-pin double sided, fast-page 70ns 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32MB SIMMs. To prevent electrolytic action, tin leaded modules should be used and gold leaded modules should be avoided. The following table lists the SIMM modules which Intel has qualified for use in the Professional/GX.

2MB (512KX36,FP,70ns)
TOSHIBA CORP	THM365120AS-70
SAMSUNG CORNING CO.,LTD	KMM536512B-7
TEXAS INSTRUMENT	TM512LBK36B-70
NEC ELECTRONICS INC	MC42412A36F-70
SAMSUNG CORNING CO.,LTD	KMM536512C-7
4MB (1MX36,FP,70ns)
TOSHIBA CORP	THM361010AS-70
SAMSUNG CORNING CO.,LTD	KMM5361000A-7
HITACHI AMERICA LTD	HB56D136SBS-7A
MICRON TECHNOLOGY	MT9D136M-7
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	TM124MBK36A-7
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	TM124MBK36B-7
8MB (2MX36,FP,70ns)
TOSHIBA CORP	THM362040AS-70
SAMSUNG CORNING CO.,LTD	KMM5362000B1-7
Qualified SIMM Modules

Micron Technologies MT9D136M-7 was disqualified from use in P/GX.

Second LEVEL Cache

A second level cache kit (L486CACHE128) is available for adding a 128KB two-way set associative cache to any base configuration. The kit contains a 128KB SRAM SIMM module and an Intel 82485-33 cache controller chip.

Video RAM

The two standard resolution system configurations (which have 1MB of VRAM installed at the factory) can be upgraded to 2MB of VRAM by installing eight 256K X 4, 80ns VRAM SIMMs into the provided sockets.


SIMM Configuration Guide

BANK A BANK B	2MB	4MB	8MB	16MB	32MB	64MB
Empty	2	4	8	16	32	64
2MB	4	6	10	18	34	66
4MB	6	8	12	20	36	68
8MB	10	12	16	24	40	72
16MB	18	20	24	32	48	80
32MB	34	36	40	48	64	96
64MB	66	68	72	80	96	128

Notes:

1) 36-bit SIMM modules required.


Products related to the Professional/GX
Related Products

None


Professional/GX Known Problem Issues
Professional/GX Known Issues

VIDEO CONFIGURATION

For a list of known issues and a detailed problem/solution connect to iPAN.

iPAN's modem number is (916) 356-3600


Shipping Contents

The Intel Professional/GX's shipping configuration is:

i486 CPU (speed and type determined by order code,

see Product/Order Codes for more information)

3.5" Floppy

4 MB or 8MB depending on order code

(Two 2MB SIMMs or Two 4MB SIMMs)

1 MB video memory for FAS systems

or 2MB video memory for FAH systems

In addition, the Professional/GX is shipped with:

EISA Configuration Utility (ECU)

Professional/GX Product Guide

Professional/GX Software Installation Guide

System Power Cord

Country Kit including:

Windows Video, Audio, and SCSI drivers

DOS Video drivers

SCSI drivers